Data is the new Oil: Data Wars and India’s Data Sovereignty

Data is the new Oil: Data Wars and India's Data Sovereignty

Podcast

QuoteUnQuote with KK and Vinit Goenka, Author, BJP Spokesman, Technocrat and Policy Evangelist

https://vinitgoenka.in/

Transcript of the Podcast

Transcript

[00:00:00–00:00:22]  This episode was recorded sometime back before Elon Musk and Vice President JD Vance made their statements on India and the policies. Elon Musk and Vice President JD Vance made their public statements and their venting on Internet data via satellite through their startling system and about

[00:00:22–00:00:44]  Indian tech workers working in the US and Elon Musk throttling their startling speed in Ukraine and many other places as well. Let’s also understand that many of the issues that we discussed seem to have preempted our response and what our view should have been to Elon Musk and Jerry Wire. So let’s rewind back and listen to the podcast.

[00:00:44–00:01:04]  Hello. Listeners and welcome back to. Quote UnQuote with KK we have been inviting. On the podcast, various authors and experts on Artificial intelligence, Leslie Demonte and Jayant Kola on Growing India’s AI X triple times also discussing on their book AI Rising on India’s Growth story. I have been personally been

[00:01:04–00:01:28]  talking and writing about India’s AI and data security and have been working with various organizations and industries body on regulating AI and data and putting the guard rails for the same before any new entrant or any new disruptions take place. In today’s episode, we are tackling some much more global issues and there have been many

[00:01:28–00:01:49]  issues in the past and some of them not just talk about artificial intelligence and data sovereignty, but just about technology and they are about geopolitic national sovereignty and global marks. And we have seen in the past U.S. government and Clod Anthropic suspended access to their latest models worldwide and treating AI software as a

[00:01:49–00:02:11]  strategic asset. So there are issues as we see in terms of foreign players and providers not just providing the best and making other users and is more reliant on them and could be very disruptive. Together, these stories tell us that AI and data are fueling not just innovation but geopolitics and policy. And today we have invited

[00:02:11–00:02:33]  someone who not only has a grip on India as political narrative but also has shaped India’s policy on data sovereignty, transportation. He is an author of two book and a top political voice on Indian TV. Indian TV echoing his views on politics, policy and his publications and advocates. Listeners, let me welcome you to Vineet Goenka. With Vineet we’ll explore what

[00:02:33–00:02:54]  all these mean for global power dynamic and for everyday citizens. Although I was an executive at Cisco and experience Cisco Huawei issues first hand across Asia Pacific and emerging markets of Europe. But Vineet has more current and up to date view on the issues to provide his expert views on the tech emerging wars of the future

[00:02:54–00:03:16]  of data and that there is an MOU in the Middle East or oil and we will start seeing some movement there. Let me rollback in time. I met Vineet during COVID times when he had launched his book on data sovereignty at the Mumbai airport and he gave me his autograph book. I’d invited him to the podcast even earlier but we were not successful. Fast forward, we have him today

[00:03:16–00:03:37]  to discuss the future of wars on data and AI and how it will impact India and his politics moving forward. Let me quickly run his profile. His earlier career began in the 90s in the corporate sector where he worked for 12 in IT and business roles. In 2003, he entered into politics, left his corporate career to join Bharatiya Jinder

[00:03:37–00:03:59]  Party BJP full time and in 2006 he wrote the digital strategy for BJP and started designing digital campaigns for BJP. He was an early mover in using it for political outreach and governance. From 2010 onward, he has had a rise in politics. He became the national Co convener of the BJP IT cell in 2014.

[00:04:00–00:04:20]  He played a role in the general elections of BJP using the digital campaign and contributing to BJP’s victory and has served as spokesperson for BJP Delhi Pradesh. HIS. Political career has. Been on rise, he was appointed to IT task force for the Ministry of Rd. Transport, Highways and Shipping. He was nominated to Central

[00:04:20–00:04:44]  Railway Information System, Cris Governing Council where he served for seven years and then he became member of Program Committee for Gandhi Smriti at Smriti Samiti under the Ministry of Culture and he has been a policy and advocacy expert and has talked about transportation rail governance, IT governance and many such related issues. He in 2021 during the COVID

[00:04:44–00:05:06]  time, he turned into an author and a thought leader where he published Data Sovereignty the Pursuit for Supremacy. Presently, he serves as Secretary for Center for Knowledge Sovereignty and continues to champion India’s Digital Independent localization and IT government. I could go on and on and on on his work, but since he has

[00:05:06–00:05:27]  limitation of time and has been called to meet the minister, we’ll keep it short and start straightforward with Vineet on his views. Welcome Vineet to quote and quote with Kik. My first question that now that you have written data sovereignty is how will this now spill? Over not just from India.

[00:05:28–00:05:49]  Or whatever happens outside of India affect our sovereignty in India as well, see. Primarily we have one has to understand that any technology which is evolving or has been invented will impact all these spheres of the life. So colonization is also impacted. Human beings are known to colonize people. So one man colonizes another man, one group colonizes another

[00:05:49–00:06:09]  group, 1 country will colonize another country. Now, the word colonization can be replaced by dominance or also can be replaced with, you know, aggression, whatever you want to call it, but it will be obviously there. And technology is part of that particular exercise. Those who lag behind in technology will always be subjected to be exploited. So you know if you see India

[00:06:09–00:06:30]  also the past the mighty Rajputs or Marathas or serious very big kings and powerful kings from the southern India were not defeated because they did not have private or valour or courage. They were defeated because somewhere they lack technology. So Mughal came with top the guns, the huge cannon and that cannon could defeat.

[00:06:30–00:06:53]  Then those mighty Mughals were defeated by Britishers because they bought in better technology. The guns which were pinpointed nearer they could fire from near and lesser cost. So now if you see this ammunition has been, now what has happened in the last 4050 years is the weapon has changed in place of a gun or a sword. The weapon is your laptop, your desktop or your machine, which

[00:06:53–00:07:14]  you’re using it, whatever name you want to call it, tablet or a mobile. And the ammunition side is the data and which can be used for progress and also can be used to exploit you. That’s why 2011 we thought of writing this book, Data sovereignty, pursuit of supremacy. I’m fortunate that I could write this along with three data general of military operations, one data general of Defense Intelligence Agency, one

[00:07:14–00:07:38]  additional director of RNW and my civilian counterpart from NPCI. So all of us came together. This is the first book where ISRO chairman has given forward to military strategies or a military has returned with raw or a civilian because they’re unique by one way whereby we explain the idea of sovereignty, a political term, sovereignty cleft with a technological term called as data. So when the data is exploited and used as a weapon against

[00:07:38–00:08:02]  you, then it is a war and we are going through this war continuously. What you have been seen in in many, many years or decades. So that’s what we talk about and this is going to be a challenge. So one has to always go with head on to the technology. We are far behind. And when I’m using this word and we are far behind, I know the political replications which can come on me. But to say that we are IT superpower and number and all is

[00:08:02–00:08:25]  one part. But another real part is do we really invent technology? Do we really own the technology? Do we all harness or are we being exploited by others? Are people dictating us? So if you see, we have been dictated, we are not harnessing as it is we required. That’s my first take. So last year I we generally come out with some predictions on the healthcare and life sciences

[00:08:25–00:08:47]  investment and how the markets will go through in a particular calendar year. For the first time last year actually, I made a submission to the world that AI is now leading. A lot of false positives. And false negative which is very dangerous to the world per SE in

[00:08:47–00:09:05]  moving narratives or changing perceptions and also predictions based on the models and how what are your feeding into those models? India had successfully, you know, ban TikTok and all. Do you think it’s time that we

[00:09:05–00:09:27]  should also ban some such, you know nefarious AI models like DeepSeek which is Chinese and Chinese origin which could be suppressing a lot of inputs and not giving a real picture about? Issues for the users. And could be probably leading to false positive or false negative.

[00:09:27–00:09:50]  And I know you have done a lot of things from your book which the Government of India has listened and actually in the policy they have given direction to data centres and and investments and so on so forth. Do you think we need to now harness a? Policy for such. Eventualities as well. So you asked me 4 questions in one question, so 1 you. Yeah, no. Time is so limited. Yes, yes.

[00:09:50–00:10:13]  So you asked me about healthcare, second question you was asked about it is a particular application TikTok. Third you talked about a geography and a nation which is our neighboring nation and we don’t share so-called a relationship with them. So that third part is that and 4th 1 is how does this impact forecast of business? So there’s four part. So let me go 1 by 1.

[00:10:14–00:10:37]  So 1, which is the easiest parties on the neighboring country named China. See whether it is China, which is a competitive country to us or there may be a most favored nation to us or their friendly nation, not so friendly nation, whatever you want to call one thing is permanent in diplomacy. And that thing is that nobody’s your enemy and nobody is your friend forever. They are dynamics which are

[00:10:37–00:11:00]  very, very dynamic situation and they change every minute. So if they achieve something and you don’t achieve, you’re behind. So one thing is very real, OK? Anything which has to be achieved, you should achieve it first. If you’re not achieved it first, you should make sure you catch up and then invent something better than that particular country. Maybe any sphere of like, not only IT, but anything else also, they should be able to do it. So that is one concern to us.

[00:11:00–00:11:23]  So whether it is China or whether it is some favorable nation, some not so favorite region, it will be better. Now second part is that particular application which you named as TikTok. Now whether it is TikTok or any other words, if you see my past. I haven’t see it now in here. Yeah. So if you see, I had a case in Supreme Court, in fact, now X and then Twitter had filed a case against me in Supreme Court and I had called upon, we had

[00:11:24–00:11:48]  serious allegations against them that they were using blood money. And I had pointed out that they had taken advertisements from terrorists, declared terrorists of this country against the country. They were trying to create sedition. And so we also went to court. They also went against me. And the court is a very famous case. You can go and check online. It went into the Supreme Court and then there was a lot of hearing subsequently as the

[00:11:48–00:12:09]  matters were resolved and also the government has made many laws. Supreme Court was satisfied and I was also certified to that. We do not pursuit further but any application we will like to explode you. As I said if they make an explosion, they would like to see that what can be expected of you and it’s about commerce. So say they made money, whether it is Twitter which made money and subscripted, when the management of Twitter change

[00:12:09–00:12:33]  their approach change but otherwise we will against it. Now can a country ban any application? We are under various treaties and there are various agreements with there, maybe bilateral agreement that can be multilateral agreement. So it is difficult for us to say no for each other’s reciprocal arrangements. And it is also not good to say no to anything and everything as a blanket because you know if you keep your backside to the

[00:12:33–00:12:57]  technology, you don’t learn what the world has, then you will be left behind. But yes, in today’s world you have to be very, very cautious. And so there are various department whether it is certain, whether it is NACS, whether it is any other department, they’re very conscious about what these applications are there, what are their real motives, they do it. When they find that the real motive is not as per stated in the statement, then they take action. So not only ticked up but many

[00:12:57–00:13:18]  other applications of many countries where then even home grown indigenous applications were also in stock. A reason because they felt it is not serving the purpose which is particular and which is has alternate, it’s a waging of war against this nation or exploiting our innocent citizen. So this will continue. And rather I’m little unhappy that government has been little lenient.

[00:13:18–00:13:40]  So whenever I get a chance to meet anybody in the government, I said you would be little conscious and do little aggressively. But then we are known to be soft people, we are known to be good people. So we don’t get that’s the second part about that particular application. Now the third part is exploitation of technology in healthcare sector. See Healthcare is 1 which does not see what geography you come from. You come from North Atlantic or

[00:13:40–00:14:03]  you come from a desert, You come from a snowflake mountain or you come from sea. Health is concerned of every human being rather nowadays to health is also concerned of animals and other living beings also. But let us focus on human beings. It is a concern. Health is agnostic to your class, whether you’re as rich as any millionaire or you are a person who depends on government age. Health is concern of both of them.

[00:14:03–00:14:26]  It does not look after gender, it does not look after class, caste, ability to deliver. So it is a great leveler. Health is a concern of this. Now in old days or earlier days, once somebody health deteriorates, only then the cognizance was taken and then the remedies were prescribed to him. And then you saw that life cycle was lifespan was smaller, illness was more, people were

[00:14:26–00:14:49]  not so healthy. But in the last hundred, 150 years, a lot of work has been done. So people who are conscious, who are capable and can afford take care of themselves, not waiting for the disaster to happen. They keep doing investigation, a lot of tests, which helps them to predict what is happening and they correct their course. So if small correction has been done by changing their food habit, lifestyle, some exercise, people do that.

[00:14:49–00:15:13]  Now this migration happened because there was inventions and then those inventions, labs became commercial. Those could be given to the common man. So what you heard earlier as a serious science, it is simply available to you as MRI or whatever. So as a user, you may not know what is the science behind it. So a user just goes there and a technician performs that act on you and your diagnosis is done. Now that’s the miracle which

[00:15:13–00:15:36]  this technology does and everyday is it changing. My answer is yes. What was there in yesterday in healthcare today’s it is absolute and there is somebody somewhere in the world making a better technology to predict, to analyze. Same way if you see second part of healthcare was what is the medicine of the ready for a problem. So they would identify a problem, then they would identify a remedy to it, go

[00:15:36–00:16:00]  through trials over, you know, various animal, whatever is prescribed under the morality in various countries. Then they would have volunteers to do it. And finally the commander kit. This is certified medicine. It may take how many years? So as I’m not a student of science or mathematics or even healthcare, I only speak what I heard from or on the search of it. This should take not less than three decades to finalize the

[00:16:00–00:16:22]  medicine or remedy. Minimum 3 decades in. Some cases 15 years minimum. Yeah, and in some cases it may go as high as 40 years to finalize that kid. This is what it and then they have to another wait next another 4050 years to see what is the resultant of that. So these two prescribes on medicine. But the over the breath they realized OK, oh, these people have been given this partition, are facing this challenge at the

[00:16:23–00:16:46]  later stage of their life. So they have discontinued many medicines. You have seen that many have been called as drugs, many have been banned, many have been restricted to shield. Now all this happens in both the cases, whether it is identification of a disease that is investigation or whether it is prescription of medicine. They used to take time and the time period was huge. Many times a scientist or a company would not be able to subscribe a remedy within their own lifespan.

[00:16:46–00:17:09]  They used to do it over the generation, 2-3 people used to do it over the time and then subscribe to the and we are thankful to those inventors, those people who have given this solution to us. Now what is happening with the introduction of computers, with the introduction of digital space, A patient or a human being when he goes for proactive investigation or reactive investigation after he’s added

[00:17:09–00:17:31]  for the problem from that day till he’s been administered the medicine, all his health records, his data counts. What is his blood count? What is the plasma inside it? What is the other factors in his blood? All has been captured in one particular play which is easily storable in very, very. And then there is analysis which can run, which will tell you what happens when happens.

[00:17:31–00:17:53]  So if two people have a similar disease and they are given two different medicines, how do they react? What will happen if they are in desert? What will happen if they are in snow clad area or these kind of variations and variables, all these combinations which were not so easily possible for human mind to do it with the help of technology. They are speeding it up. There is a speeding limit. There is an element of size.

[00:17:54–00:18:16]  Now they’re comparing more size. This is helping to invent or prescribe better medicine, better solutions, identify better. The cost is coming down, but at the same time it is generating huge data of individual. Now the challenge of which I always keep speaking whenever I get a chance to speak in public forum as well as to the

[00:18:16–00:18:38]  authorities is that when these hospitals or the labs, when they collect your data, are they deleting the data? Are they collecting the data and showing it with your permission? Are they making sure that you understand what is called as permission? Because many of my brother in this country may not understand what is called as permission. So they may give permission that I permitted to keep without knowing what is it. And these people then they

[00:18:38–00:19:01]  harvested data make monetary benefits out of this which is not passed on to the victim or the user or the person who is called as sample circuit. And those who is to invent now they take less time because they can run through this on a quantum computers. They can understand through the algorithms what will happen. A prediction can we have done

[00:19:01–00:19:21]  with the help of this available data which can be then narrowed and identified. You may not even now know that earlier this to ask you to sign up saying that you are a volunteer to the medicine. Now you may be a victim of this cartel, which will not tell you, but you are actually a Guinea pig to them. I was here. What has? Also happened is during COVID,

[00:19:21–00:19:42]  if you are aware Chinese people hacked onto our aims and and several other, you know servers and try to take information, genetic and phenotype information of Indians. Maybe that was to help them to develop their COVID vaccine or? What? But that’s a very.

[00:19:42–00:20:01]  Dangerous thing. And you know, today if I upload my diagnostic report to say to ChatGPT or DeepSeek, they give me some some bit of diagnosis and recommendation, which obviously then I can talk to my doctor to verify or cross verify or whatever. Now a lot of this information

[00:20:01–00:20:23]  going on DeepSeek is dangerous. It is in the hands of Chinese. It’s not a democratized AI system. But it’s all a lot of data which is going into hands of our neighboring country. As you said. Which is dangerous for them to create certain countermeasures

[00:20:23–00:20:45]  or bio weapons. Which is why I said, like TikTok, should we ban even deep? Seek or should we restrict? DeepSeek for certain type of applications only and not for say healthcare or some other use. So one what you rightly said can can they make some bio weapons and this can be a new age of weapons which will come up or

[00:20:46–00:21:07]  let me put it a little simple not get so paranoid and let me say in simple terms can they make the medicines expensive? The simplest way will be that pharma lobby will come together and they know that this has happened in this particular geography. So let us make the molecule expensive and once the molecule, the salt component is expensive, naturally your population will be up.

[00:21:07–00:21:29]  So they say penicillin has helped human being to survive and stay longer. But the same penicillin after even been invented, it was denied to common man because it was very expensive and because of that in the absence of the delivery of penicillin, thousands of people died even after the invention was done. So, will there be a greed which

[00:21:29–00:21:50]  will decide that this set of poor people will not get this medicine and we will only give it to her. So you see many medicines are very very expensive which actually can be afforded. And I should upload the efforts of the Government of India, especially Modiji whereby introducing Ayushman Bharat, the scheme where it takes cares of

[00:21:50–00:22:13]  the cost of the medicine. The same time Gen. Ashudis where generic medicine, general forumers, they have been taken out of branded and they can be reproduced or they can be manufactured here in this country. So those patterns which are now lapsed, those medicines have been made. So this kind of. Policy interventions are also needed along with technology. But overall, if you ask me, will countries or geographies or

[00:22:13–00:22:35]  corporates play with your data and use it as a tool to extract more money or extract political power out of you? Answer is yes, it can do it. Whether we should ban one application or not. Now that call is by the authorities because it has to establish that whether that application has been used for this particular purpose only. But yes, anything which is foreign, Sir. Your book has actually led to a lot of policy changes.

[00:22:35–00:22:59]  Also, now we’ve got the data center policy. I guess the spark of it came out from your book. That’s why I said policy. I was the youngest writer in that book. I was the youngest writer in the book. My Co theaters are great. As I said, we are total 7 authors in that. Three of them are Data, General Military Operations and they are all colored people. They have lot 1. Of them very recently even engaged in some operations

[00:22:59–00:23:22]  Hindu. So data General Defense Intelligence Agency Lieutenant General Vinod Kandare he had certainly puts additional Director RAW Jaideva Ranadevi he had so I was blessed that all these great people were there and they had vision and access to information far more than me and to they have seen life in a broader canvas. So that book encompasses experience of all these people and the vision what will happen in the next 30 years.

[00:23:22–00:23:44]  Yes, I was one more blessed that this book was inaugurated by honorable Sunil Ambekarji in Delhi. So what happened is it has was sanctity by the establishment and then I was fortunately that I was called on various dispositions to go and tell what has happened so humbly. I I can say yes, it has been referred by various people who matter to this country. So what’s next? I know there is a shortage of time.

[00:23:44–00:24:04]  I wanted to understand how the whole, you know, the Indian tech services and Indian tech export is also now going to be impacted given the recent Accenture and all these debacles that are happening globally. It’s going to also impact India shortly. And for, and obviously now we

[00:24:04–00:24:24]  have the visa issues with the US, the H1B visa for exporting our human resources there. Do you think, Sir, what the government is now trying to do is to create the GCC in India and try and retain everything in India, allowing the corporations to come to India and work within India with Indian talent is the

[00:24:24–00:24:47]  way forward or should we be doing the the political and the geopolitical and diplomatic negotiation on visas that used to happen when I used to be in Wipro every year there used to be this haggling and this back and forth negotiation with the US diplomats to increase the quotas. See, as I said, there are multiple questions which you ask in one question. So let me answer it 1 by 1 so

[00:24:47–00:25:08]  that for the user to understand. One is geopolitical situations are always dynamic, they are fluid. So what you see today morning may not be the same evening. Few days back, 2 great nations of West were together, then one of the presidents I guess. OK. And now if you see there will be a lot of this kind of diplomatic thing, geopolitical things which will impact technology

[00:25:08–00:25:30]  inventions, technology transfer employment because they are all guided by agreements. Even if it is guided by bilateral or multi level agreements or we are governed under charters, there will be the mood of the nation is decided by the relationship of that two countries on that day. So today we have a lot of good relationship with say for example, USA, but yet currently they may have their internal compulsions of not hiring people from outside.

[00:25:30–00:25:53]  And so we are being impacted. But the best thing is you invent your own technology written. My anger is not against those countries which are not hiring us, rather I’m unhappy on why are we not producing good engineers. So if I have to submit, I would request the education ministry, the MHRD ministry to focus on improving the syllabus so that the bus which we missed our children’s or our generations to come should not miss that particular part.

[00:25:53–00:26:17]  So an engineer coming out after 10 years should not have to face the same challenge which you and I have faced. So I would rather suggest that we have to see, look inside our own house and 1 #2 the compliances, all the other statutory norms which forces a person to become an employee rather than becoming an entrepreneur, rather than becoming a founder, he chooses to become a CEO for somebody

[00:26:17–00:26:41]  else’s company. Those compulsions of compliances strategy should be discussed and how we can make ease of doing business and which Prime Minister Modi’s trying to focus. But we have to run fast and get it done. Third one is the cost of capital. Unfortunately, in India Today, the cost of capital is very, very high. Most of the inventors or most of the founders fund from their own money or they’re a close family which is limiting this, which is not ample.

[00:26:41–00:27:04]  When you want to make a world class technology which will run over the world, then you’ll require institutional funding mechanism which everybody has to come together. Yes, for the same time we will have to put in regulatory compliances, stringent global regulations. We’ll have to put in security features around it so that those interventions are not leaked and not been migrated outside. So this all challenges will be there. What will happen because X country is employing you, not

[00:27:04–00:27:27]  employing you. It’s a concern of local right now, not a larger concern. Larger concern is we’ll be able to invent. See the number of patents been filed in 2014 versus number of patent filed in 2025 is very good. That tells us one thing that Indians are now getting cautious about IPL. But the number of patent filed in 2025 is not even 1 ninth of the total number of patent filed in Japan.

[00:27:27–00:27:48]  Whereas Japan is 1 ninth of my size of geography. So we are actually 181 level of Japan. So we have to really multiply our since 80 times more to to contest with these geographies. So we are far behind and we should not sigh out from saying that. So one academic environment, two, financial agreement environment for provision and 3rd with the regulatory.

[00:27:48–00:28:10]  We have to think all the three while the external affairs should engage with our counterparts in the world, see how they can we can become favorable nation to them. See how our citizens, our engineers are getting opportunities which other countries are getting. So it’s a very complex thing. It’s easy for me to sit here and tell you what should be done, but I’m sure those who are

[00:28:10–00:28:28]  sitting there know more details and that’s why they are more competitive people. But the reason they are not able to do it maybe, probably they have challenges at hand. Sir, you have also been working on the renewable and side of things and I just recently attended the Economist Resilience Summit in and one of the things was the energy

[00:28:28–00:28:52]  consumption for even AI just to type 1 command and get a response. The server and the chip consume so much of energy and don’t you think that along with our data and EI resilience, we’ll also need energy resilience to run this all infrastructure? And what is your recommendation for the government to run this infra?

[00:28:52–00:29:14]  See one good part is in the last one decade various new sources. When I say new source I don’t mean that new element has been invented but various new. For example in hydro hydral power they would have identified more locations geography to generate hydral. If it is solar, then you’ll see that can massive farms are coming up whether it is a renewable or whether it is the conventional.

[00:29:14–00:29:36]  We have also identified more basins for extraction of oil. Of course, one good part is even Atomic Energy has been harnessed and tapped and there are provisions of going. So the establishment, the government has been very consciously trying to tap all these sources which are there and judicially mixing it. So the dependence of a thermal power plant is not purely on coal now it has been gas fired,

[00:29:36–00:29:58]  it is oil fired so that we have the energy. And you have seen in this recent past the challenge which has come up because of the waste. Asia, we have not found anywhere something called as blackouts. The reason is because there has been an energy storage, energy storage and they have very judicially been done. Yes. Do we have to just triple it? Answer is yes, we’ll have to triple it. But it is not so easy to say

[00:29:58–00:30:18]  triple it. It requires huge capital. Secondly, it requires huge land to build this kind of generation centers. So you will displace the original landowner, whether it is a farmer or the tribal or a minor. We have to. So whenever you displace somebody, that will be a pain and you have to see and think about his livelihood also. So in a democracy, this will take time, but I’m happy that

[00:30:19–00:30:40]  this is going on #2 if there is less power, if there is a challenge of power, do we avoid this kind of opportunities of data centers? Answer is no, we may have to compromise, cut your residential literacy but direct it there. Now it might sound very, very ridiculous but for a strategic reason we will have to put in priority the data centers, more

[00:30:40–00:31:01]  data centers in the country. It will give you limited employment. Yes, data centers are not great employer but it also still gives you Employment Opportunity. But two thing is the data is in your control. Then can you decide whether the data will remain in the political boundaries or not? That is on the agreements which you do and the technology which you have, but yet you would still have it. So my goal will be in my hand

[00:31:01–00:31:24]  whether it is exposed or not. It depends on what kind of algorithms it is and what kind of agreements I have. So I’m a great elevate of having more data centers, even if the cost if the others rather than has to suffer a shortage of electricity. And in the meantime, we should invest in generating more power, localized power. Do we have to really go and make big dams for idle?

[00:31:24–00:31:48]  I don’t know. I’m not an expert of electricity, neither do I understand photovoltaic nor do I understand Heidel. But what I understand is if we can tap that and one small contribution, which common man is doing it? I don’t know whether you have ever realized this. Nowadays, if you go, every house now has something, either water heater or maybe they have street light, or maybe they are generating power for their own house. So even if you would generate a

[00:31:48–00:32:11]  friction of your consumption, you’re actually helping the entire country. So a few teaser questions I have before I let you go. I know time is limited. I wanna know what excites you most now that you are in the policy and governance and also with the politics about India’s journey in the coming years. And what’s your idea or vision for 2047? So what excites me is that there

[00:32:11–00:32:33]  is an in the generation especially the next generation that they should not become employee but employer, they should not become user but inventor. That excites me more because my next generation is smarter than my generation and that is a satisfaction 2 for the reason of 2014. It’s Modiji has already given Bixit Bharat and we’ve all follow him blindfolded. So our region is that. But yes, if you ask me

[00:32:33–00:32:56]  personally, what excites me is the region of Antodaya, which the last man in the line, last man who is should not sleep without proper nutrition. So if he sleeps with full nutrition, he has enough shade on his head. That is what is happiness that would I would be really happy if I survive till then or otherwise my soul will be happy if I see

[00:32:56–00:33:17]  every Bharatiya clipping full stomach under a nice shield. So 2047 no data colonization freedom for India of its own on the. Type the Prime Minister was when the Prime Minister said Vixit Bharat. It encompass these two words are magical words in campuses everything Vixit Bharat data me hoga Vixit Bharat, aya me hoga Vixit Bharat. Politically, geographically,

[00:33:17–00:33:39]  strategically, invention wise, education wise, health wise, everything. Vixit Bharat. We I know we have made some steps in every direction. I want to understand what’s your next book looking like? I know your second book I couldn’t grab your greens on but so data soberity. I can humbly claim that we have subsidized all. I have got opportunity to speak in National Defence College thrice.

[00:33:40–00:34:03]  I’ve been invited where journals and bigoted to sit. I’ve been invited many times where the bureaucrats, senior bureaucrats at the level of joint secrets and also party has been very kind. Many times I’ve been getting opportunity to speak in front of senior leadership. So sensitizing the influencer has been done. Now the second thing which we are thinking very seriously is about data resilience. Now the time has come where you say data resilience. So that will happen.

[00:34:03–00:34:26]  Correct. And is that the topic of your next book, or is something else altogether? I don’t know, but I’m seriously thinking something else should be done. I definitely agree with you and obviously there is a lot of geopolitically legal stuff both between India’s legal architecture versus other countries architecture. I guess there’s a lot to be

[00:34:26–00:34:45]  upgraded or reverted or relook as we would move to govern ourselves to 2047 vision. There are a lot of things that we send through our industry bodies, CII, FICCI, but I don’t see direction from the other side as. To what is the thought? Process there.

[00:34:46–00:35:08]  How can this kind of be more frictionless and be more proactive in creating the legal framework for the future? I know I have been talking a lot on the health UPI but nothing is moved forward there. First, let me give you my honest personal answer, which is incorrect and and diplomatic, but I would like to be candid on that and then I’ll tell you how

[00:35:08–00:35:30]  it is. So when I hear this words of the key, when we can upgrade our legal systems or upgrade our compliances, I greatly object to it. Just because one country or another economy has introduced one law or a policy and it is dominantly pushing it does not mean that my systems are downloaded or it is backward. Because that is a sense of maclose education where we are

[00:35:30–00:35:52]  thinking that the masters are others are masters and we have to follow them. They have proposed something which is good to them and is it genuinely good to them? Answer is yes. But is it genuinely good to the human kind? Answer is no. They made sure that it is good to human beings, but it will be probably a protectionist approach of them. So you name something, they don’t want to call it as a PPMA, professional market access. But these are barriers which

[00:35:52–00:36:12]  they create and sometimes of course they create standards which help their country, intern, human beings, everybody. So what we should do is learn from them which is good for their citizens and we should adopt that. While while everybody does it, we should also do that. Adoption is very good if you do it 2. Not follow them blindly but we should have our counter majors for their Pmas. So if.

[00:36:12–00:36:32]  They want us to have some kind of certifications quoting that it will assure them that the process validation is there. We should also increase our BIS. We can also increase our processes here to a level where people code this. What is currently missing is that our standards are not as per the horizon of many, many countries which are there and

[00:36:32–00:36:56]  hence many of us feel that whose country calls economic standardization the process. But do we have to blindly follow? The answer is yes. But one more thing if your business, your industry, if your talent wants to service that particular market, then you may have to be compliant to that particular market. And also back home we should. We are far behind in standardization, we are far behind in IPL.

[00:36:56–00:37:19]  We are far behind in creating hurdles which are camouflaged with nice scheme of processes. We should do that. We have been kind to the world saying that we you know we are very kind to say that. So everybody’s our brother. But now it is time you have to look into, make sure that we also create a counter damage that 1/6 of the human beings,

[00:37:19–00:37:41]  Some economy which is not even 180th of the human beings may come out with standard and tell you that what is good for the entire planet, if it is really good, we should follow it, we should imitate that. But the same time we should learn from that and immediately come out with which is better than that particular solution. And we don’t do that. And when you don’t do that, then in internationally when you sit on the platforms, you feel little behind, you feel

[00:37:41–00:38:04]  dejected. So I wish that what I could not do or my generation could not do, the listener, their generations can help us to create that kind of standards where people could say Bharatka standard, a Bharatka processor compliance. If you’re not compliant with Indian, this thing, you will not be having access to that market if you don’t lose the Indian. So that murmur, that noise, I don’t listen when I travel abroad and that pains me.

[00:38:05–00:38:27]  Am I talking to the future Minister of National Data Security and Governance? No, see, I’m not a political person being in politics. So I’m not a public representative neither. I have this kind of qualities. It requires a lot of qualities. It requires a lot of different attributes which I lack. And I know about this, the best part of this, I’m aware of this particular short run of mine.

[00:38:27–00:38:51]  So I don’t pursue that particular path. Yes, I’m more like a policy enabler. So I would like to talk in the policy space and be in the policy space, and I’m happy here. So I don’t want to dilute my vision. Lovely chatting with you Vinitji. I know you have to rush to meet the minister and have your other, but thank you so much for taking time out and giving your

[00:38:51–00:39:10]  open thoughts on what’s going on and your mind and your time to us to talk about it. Love. I would love to connect back and call for another round of discussions when time permits. But it’s great to have you here on quote and quote with KK and talk on multiple topics and

[00:39:10–00:39:33]  issues in the recent past in this space of AI and data and our country, which is in the crossfire of multiple things as we talk. It was a learning experience for me to talk to you and many questions which have been raised. I know that I don’t have a perfect answer, so I’ll go back, study and make myself better. The same time, I also wish that the bus which we have missed

[00:39:33–00:39:44]  should be done. And next time when I come on your show, we have our own browser, our own app, rather than using a foreign app and a foreign browser to talk to each other. I agree. Thank you. Very much. That’s, well, lovely.

Friendship : Social, UnSocial and Anti Social : Detox and Renewal

Friendship : Social, UnSocial and Anti Social : Detox and Renewal

Background

Every year the first Sunday of August ie today is celebrated as Friendship Day 2026. I remember this day being made a day to celebrate when I was in college through Archies and MTV campaigns and this went viral without social media. Friendships help me sort out different issues of life and were healthy. Today, Instagram and WhatsApp dominate Friendship Day engagement, with #FriendshipDayIndia trending annually fueled by the race to show how many friends you have. Moreover, with social media the meaning and definition of friendship has completely changed and going somewhere that I don’t understand clearly. Here are the types of friendships definitions prevalent currently:

Friendship TypeRole in Gen Z LifeHealth/Social Impact
Identity FriendReflects values & identityStability, lower anxiety
Seasonal FriendTransition supportAdaptability, resilience
Circumstance FriendDaily companionshipReduces loneliness
Digital CompanionOnline-only tiesGlobal belonging, risk of toxicity
Anchor/ConfidantEmotional depthStress relief, mental health
Challenger/CatalystPush growthBuilds resilience, creativity

 

I am now wondering if I need to junk my traditional friendship definitions and or debunk the new emerging friendship definitions. I went around looking for the clinical research to understand this deeper before I drop and nurture some others whether on social media or otherwise.

Friendship Reclassification and Research

With the current body of research which I have summarized below based on social media behaviour and how socially connected you feel with your friends are as under:

Friendship TypeSocial Media EffectIndia-Specific Evidence
SocialExpanded networks, chosen family, constant availabilityRohini Nilekani Philanthropies (2026)
UnsocialSuperficial ties, digital fatigue, lonelinessIJIP (2025), Youth Ki Awaaz Survey (2026)
Anti-SocialCyberbullying, exclusion, conflictGen Z Digital Mediation Study (2026)

 

Let’s reclassify the friendships types given above among social, unsocial and anti-social. The quality of friendships matters more than the others and which ones I invest into and divest into some of the other friendships. Social friendships are protective, unsocial ones risk emptiness, and anti-social ones actively harm health. The challenge is to nurture social bonds while recognizing and avoiding unsocial drift or toxic ties.

Friendship TypeClassificationImpact
Identity FriendsSocialStability, lower anxiety
Anchor & ConfidantSocialEmotional depth, stress relief
Challenger & CatalystSocialGrowth, resilience
Circumstance FriendsSocial/Unsocial/Anti-Social (depends on depth & quality)Companionship or peer pressure
Seasonal FriendsUnsocialShort-lived, risk of detachment
Digital CompanionsUnsocial/Anti-SocialBelonging vs. toxicity

 

This now comes down to the health and wellbeing benefits of such friendships. Clinical evidence — both global and Indian — confirms that friendship quality directly influences health outcomes.

  • Social friendships heal.
  • Unsocial friendships neglect.
  • Anti-social friendships harm.

Investing in supportive, empathetic friendships is as vital as diet, exercise, or sleep for long term well-being. This may or may not be possible with social media and tech. The research gives more colour to the health outcomes of different friendships.

Friendship TypeMental Health ImpactPhysical Health ImpactKey Clinical Sources
SocialLower depression, anxietyBetter immunity, longer lifespanFrontiers (2023), MANAS Trial, AIIMS (2025)
UnsocialLoneliness, fatigueHigher cortisol, BPNature (2026), TISS (2026)
Anti‑SocialAnxiety, accelerated agingInflammation, poor recoveryPNAS (2026), AIIMS Patna (2025)

 

It is evident that I clearly need to weed out friendships and get into a detox and renewal program.

Friendship Detox and Renewal

Social Friendships (Healthy & Supportive)

  • Action: Nurture and sustain.
    • Express gratitude often.
    • Invest in offline bonding (shared meals, activities).
    • Communicate openly about boundaries. Clinical Insight: Strong social ties reduce depression and improve immunity (MANAS Trial, Goa; PLOS Medicine).

Unsocial Friendships (Detached & Superficial)

  • Action: Reconnect or redefine.
    • Initiate deeper conversations.
    • Limit passive digital engagement.
    • Accept natural fade if one sided. Clinical Insight: Loneliness from shallow ties increases anxiety and blood pressure (TISS Mumbai, 2026; Nature Communications, 2026).

Anti Social Friendships (Toxic & Harmful)

  • Action: Recognize and release.
    • Identify manipulation or hostility early.
    • Set firm boundaries.
    • Seek support if detachment feels difficult. Clinical Insight: Toxic ties accelerate biological aging and raise inflammation (PNAS, 2026; AIIMS Patna, 2025).

Key Takeaways

Current definitions of 6 types of friends are too much to manage and stressful to me although friendships shape our health. Nurture the supportive, redefine the superficial, and release the toxic. I would rather treat friendships are like social ecosystems — prune what harms, nourish what heals. By consciously managing each type, you build a network that supports emotional stability, resilience, and long term health.

Choose wisely — your well‑being depends on it.

Happy Friendship Day!

 

 

India: Diabetic Capital meets Chocolate Boom – A Paradox of Health and Indulgence

India: Diabetic Capital meets Chocolate Boom - A Paradox of Health and Indulgence

Every year on July 7th, chocolate lovers around the globe celebrate World Chocolate Day. This is also being celebrated in India. India tasted chocolates during the British rule and later popularised by Cadbury brand of Milk Chocolates which we grew up to indulge in our childhood. Although Chocolate was considered a tonic — prescribed for fatigue, digestion, and even melancholy. Apothecaries sold it as a health drink rich in energy and nutrients, so when and why did chocolates were started be negatively associated with diabetics and negative health benefits. But beyond indulgence, what does science actually say about chocolate’s impact on our health?

Choco StatsUnwrapping Myths, Science, and the Sweet Paradox

India stands at a curious crossroads — crowned as the World’s Diabetic Capital, yet witnessing an unprecedented surge in chocolate consumption. From luxury indulgence to wellness snack, chocolate has evolved into a cultural phenomenon. But how does this sweet obsession coexist with rising metabolic disorders? The answer lies in separating myth from science.

🩺 The Paradox of Sweetness

India’s diabetic population crossed 100 million in 2025, according to national health estimates. Yet, chocolate sales grew by 10–12% annually, with Per capita consumption: ~1.2 kg/year (tripled since 2010), driven by urbanization, gifting culture, and the rise of premium dark chocolate. This paradox isn’t just about taste — it’s about perception. Chocolate is no longer seen as a guilty pleasure; it’s being rebranded as a functional food rich in antioxidants and mood‑enhancing compounds.

India Chocolate Journey🍬 Myths vs. Reality

MythReality
Chocolate spikes blood sugar dangerouslyDark chocolate (≥70% cocoa) has a lower glycemic index and may improve insulin sensitivity when consumed moderately.

Controlled portions of dark chocolate may improve insulin sensitivity. However, diabetics should avoid sweetened varieties and monitor total carbohydrate intake.

Chocolate causes obesityExcess calories cause obesity, not cocoa itself. Controlled portions of dark chocolate can support metabolism. Overeating any calorie-dense food can lead to weight gain, but moderate dark chocolate consumption (20–30g/day) doesn’t inherently cause obesity. In fact, cocoa flavanols may help regulate metabolism.
Chocolate is off‑limits for diabeticsClinical studies show flavanols in cocoa may aid vascular health and reduce oxidative stress — beneficial for diabetics when sugar content is minimal.
Chocolate equals junk foodHigh‑quality cocoa is nutrient‑dense, containing magnesium, iron, and polyphenols. The problem lies in added sugar and fat, not cocoa.
Chocolate causes acneMultiple dermatological studies show no direct link between chocolate and acne. Skin breakouts are more influenced by hormones, stress, and overall diet than by cocoa itself.
Chocolate is addictive like drugsWhile chocolate triggers dopamine release (the “feel-good” hormone), it’s not chemically addictive. The craving is more psychological and sensory than pharmacological.
Chocolate is bad for your heartHigh-sugar milk chocolates can raise cholesterol, but dark chocolate rich in flavanols may improve vascular function and reduce cardiovascular risk.
Chocolate causes cavitiesPure cocoa doesn’t cause tooth decay; added sugars do. Some compounds in cocoa even have antibacterial effects against oral bacteria.
Chocolate increases cholesterolCocoa butter contains stearic acid, which is neutral on blood cholesterol. The problem lies in added fats and sugars in processed chocolates.

🧠 What Clinical Research Reveals

  1. Cardiovascular Health

Systematic reviews show that cocoa flavanols can improve vascular function, measured by flow-mediated dilation (a marker of blood vessel health). Observational studies suggest that moderate chocolate consumption may reduce the risk of heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular mortality. However, most trials are short-term (4–6 weeks) and rated low in evidence quality.

  1. Metabolic Outcomes

Some randomized controlled trials (RCTs) report improvements in insulin sensitivity and lipid profiles (particularly triglycerides). Yet, results are inconsistent, and benefits often depend on consuming high-flavanol cocoa extracts rather than sugar-rich confectionery chocolate.

  1. Cognition & Mood

Research into chocolate’s effects on cognitive performance and depressive symptoms is inconclusive. While cocoa’s antioxidants may support brain health, clinical trials have not shown strong or lasting effects.

  1. Other Health Areas

Studies on skin health, anthropometry (body measurements), and quality of life show little to no significant impact. Some participants even reported gastrointestinal discomfort or found high-flavanol cocoa unpalatable.

Study TypeOutcomes StudiedFindingsEvidence Strength
Umbrella Review (Clinical Nutrition, 2019)Cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes, mood, cognitionReduced risk of CVD death, myocardial infarction, stroke, diabetes (observational); improved vascular function in RCTsWeak credibility; GRADE rated low/very low
Systematic Review (MDPI, 2021)Skin, cardiovascular, lipid profile, cognition, anthropometry, glucose, QoLImproved triglyceride levels; no significant differences in other outcomesLow-to-moderate quality, short duration (4–6 weeks)
Meta-analyses (RCTs)Flow-mediated dilation, insulin resistancePositive association with vascular function and insulin sensitivityLow-quality evidence
Observational CohortsLong-term health outcomesSuggest protective effects against CVD and diabetesWeak evidence, possible bias

In summary, clinical trials and meta-analyses confirm:

  • Cocoa flavanols improve blood flow and endothelial function.
  • Moderate consumption may reduce risk of heart disease and stroke.
  • Antioxidants in cocoa combat oxidative stress.
  • Excessive intake of sugary chocolate negates these benefits.

⚠️ Negative Propaganda & Misconceptions

  • “Chocolate is junk food.” While commercial chocolates can be high in sugar, cocoa itself is nutrient-rich and contains antioxidants, magnesium, and iron.
  • “Chocolate leads to depression.” Some studies show chocolate may improve mood temporarily due to serotonin and endorphin release.
  • “Chocolate is only for indulgence.” Modern research recognizes chocolate’s functional food potential, especially in cardiovascular and cognitive health.

The Choco Balance⚖️ The Sweet Balance

So why is this Paradox? How do we balance this?

Chocolate isn’t the enemy — excess and misinformation are. For diabetics and health‑conscious consumers:

  • Choose dark chocolate (≥70% cocoa).
  • Limit intake to 20–30 g/day.
  • Avoid sugar‑loaded commercial variants.
  • Pair with balanced diet and physical activity.

Final Thought

India’s story of diabetes and chocolate isn’t contradiction — it’s transformation. As science reframes cocoa from indulgence to potential ally, the challenge lies in education and moderation. On this World Chocolate Day, let’s celebrate responsibly — savouring the flavour, respecting the science, and redefining sweetness for a healthier future.

Have a Healthy Chocolate Day!

Disclaimer: I do not own a Chocolate Factory nor hold any positions or equities in any Chocolate Companies! 

 

My Neurochemical Hormonal Hacking Mantra to Achieve My Health and Well Being New Year Resolutions in 2026

My Neurochemical Hormonal Hacking Mantra to Achieve My Health and Well Being New Year Resolutions in 2026

Background

I am glad to inform you that in 2025, I achieved the life-time achievement record for my fitness targets. My walking statistics for 2025 was 40% higher than those achieved in 2024. I had not only overachieved my 2025 resolution that I set for 2025. My friends and acquaintances often ask me how am I able to achieve it. What is my secret to meeting my yearly resolutions achievement? Let me inform you that although I have achieved my health and well being resolutions, there are other resolutions which I carried throughout 2025 but did not achieve the overall targets for 2025. As I have set my 2026 resolutions now, let me discuss what is happening globally between 2025 resolutions versus those for 2026 and then discuss my mantra of achieving them.

Global Trends in New Year Resolutions Shifts from 2025 to 2026

There is a shift in the way people are shifting their focus of New Year Resolutions. The tangible shift is summarized in the table:

 

Category2025 Focus2026 Focus (Shift)
Health & FitnessWeight loss, gym routinesSustainable movement, balanced nutrition
Mental Well-beingStress reductionMindfulness, digital detox, sleep hygiene
Financial GoalsSaving moneyLong-term investing, debt reduction
Career DevelopmentJob changeUpskilling, certifications, productivity

 

As the table above demonstrates, the shift in the resolutions in 2025 was reactive to the living and environment of the people to a more proactive one in 2026. In 2025 people’s new year resolutions revealed a strong focus on health, mental well-being, financial stability, and personal growth. Achievements included greater awareness of preventive health, reforms in lifestyle habits, and increased use of technology to track progress. Meeting resolutions in 2026 requires setting realistic goals, breaking them into small habits, and using accountability tools. People have realized that its no use in setting goals and resolutions that ultimately fail and do not meet the overall objectives. 2026 resolutions are less about big promises and more about small, consistent habits that align with identity and long-term aspirations. People are focusing on health, mindfulness, and financial resilience, supported by technology but grounded in realistic, value-driven choices.

Key Statistics for New Year 2026 Resolutions

Now let’s discuss on the current 2026 specifically

CategoryGlobal TrendsIndia-Specific Trends
Health & FitnessTop priority worldwide; daily movement, exercise, and balanced diets dominate resolutions65% of Indians plan to improve physical health in 2026
Mental Well-beingStrong focus on reducing stress, limiting screen time, and practicing mindfulnessEmotional balance and digital detox are rising goals
Financial StabilitySaving money, reducing debt, and building investments are among the top 5 resolutions globallyFinancial security is a major resolution alongside health
Career & SkillsLearning new skills, career development, and productivity improvements are trendingStudents emphasize study habits, time management, and experiential learning
Sustainability & LifestyleShift toward value-driven, eco-conscious habits (less waste, mindful consumption)Focus on balance between work, health, and family
2026 New Year Resolutions in India
2026 New Year Resolutions in India

New Year Resolutions Achievement Statistics

Now let’s discuss a bit on the overall outcome of New Year Resolutions. Only about 9–19% of New Year’s resolutions were successfully achieved in 2025. Surveys show that while many people start strong, most resolutions fade quickly, with long-term success remaining quite low. Some of the reasons which I sumarised after speaking with people include:

  • Resolution fatigue: Studies show 80% of resolutions fail by February 2025, often due to unrealistic expectations.
  • Over-reliance on apps: While trackers help, they can create guilt cycles if goals aren’t met.
  • Economic pressures: Financial resolutions may be harder to sustain in uncertain markets.
  • Overambitious Goals: Large, vague resolutions often lead to frustration and early abandonment.
  • Digital Overload: Ironically, while people resolve to reduce screen time, habit-tracking apps may increase digital dependency.
  • Consistency Gap: The biggest hurdle is sustaining motivation beyond January; small, realistic steps are more effective.

My Mantra of Achieving the New Year Resolutions

Building Addictive Behaviour to the Neurochemical Hormonal Cycle and its Negative Downside

I have been achieving my New Year Resolutions since 2017 where I changed my approach to trick and train my brain by creating an addiction behaviour to neurochemical reactions when I achieved a resolution or daily goal, our brain releases a mix of “happy hormones” — dopamine, serotonin, oxytocin, and endorphins — which together boost motivation, mood, connection, and well-being. Let me first explain these neurochemical reactions through these hormones first and then discuss the approach to releasing them to achieve the resolutions.

HormoneRole in Resolutions AchievementEffect on You
DopamineReleased when you accomplish a task or reach a milestone.Creates pleasure, motivation, and a “reward loop” that drives you to keep going.
SerotoninLinked to mood regulation and satisfaction.Gives a sense of calm, confidence, and well-being after success.
OxytocinOften called the “bonding hormone.”Strengthens social connections, teamwork, and feelings of trust when you share your achievement.
EndorphinsReleased during physical activity or emotional highs.Reduce stress and pain, creating a euphoric “runner’s high” feeling.
The Neurochemical Hormonal Quartet of Success
The Neurochemical Hormonal Quartet of Success

Prior to 2016, I was on a negative spiral of neurochemical hormone release or in a reverse cycle of neurochemistry of my brain as I was procrastinating my resolutions and weak in my resolve. As a result these hormones were imbalanced. I am summarizing the negative impact of these hormones that played on me.

HormoneWhen You Don’t Meet Your ResolutionsNegative Impact
DopamineNo reward signal is triggered.Loss of motivation, procrastination, and feelings of inadequacy.
SerotoninLevels may drop due to disappointment or stress.Mood swings, irritability, and increased risk of depression.
OxytocinReduced social bonding and trust.Isolation, self-doubt, and difficulty seeking support.
EndorphinsLess physical or emotional stimulation.Heightened pain sensitivity, fatigue, and emotional dullness.

The imbalance of these hormones in the brain, were leading to reduced motivation, mood instability, social withdrawal, and increased stress or pain sensitivity. Every Resolution felt like scaling Mount Kailash which no human has ever scaled and felt impossible to me to meet.

Tricking the Brain to The Neurochemical Hormonal Addiction of Discipline

At the end of 2016, I did not achieve any of my New Year Resolutions. I sat down to reflect back to understand the negative consequences of the neurochemical hormonal activity on me and my well being. These manifested in the following ways through 2016.

  • Dopamine is tied to the brain’s reward system. As my goals aren’t met, the expected dopamine surge doesn’t occur, which made my future efforts feel pointless.
  • Serotonin is linked to self-esteem and social status. My failure to achieve the resolutions triggered a drop, especially if it affects how I perceive myself standing in front of the mirror of myself.
  • Oxytocin thrives on connection. This failure lead to shame or withdrawal, oxytocin release is suppressed, weakening emotional resilience in me.
  • Endorphins are often boosted by movement and joy. Without success or celebration, their absence can made stress and discomfort more pronounced.

By 2018, I would turn fifty. I had a year to prove that age is just a number. Hence my resolution in 2017 was to prove that my metabolic age is lower than my biological age. I have discussed this in my podcast on longevity.

The first step to achieve this resolution was to break my own personal identity that I was disciplined enough to be a younger person when my brain tried to keep my behaviour consistent with current identity that I am going to be 50 years old. This lead to a conflict and dissonance in my brain so as to delay and procrastination in taking actions. I did this in Four Steps:

Step 1:  Re-Identity Declaration

For my 2017 resolution, instead of saying, I want to be younger, I changed my identity to “I am becoming metabolically younger.” The shift that I took was to change from the goal of improving my fitness goals to an identity that I am metabolically younger. I realized that my brain cared less about my fitness but more about my identity of being younger which is what it accepted as my identity and started behavioral changes towards my metabolically younger self and actions that lead towards it.

Step 2:  No More Plans but Small Steps and Actions

Instead of making elaborate plans that I used to create but abandon by February of the year, I started taking immediate actions. I was introduced to Kaatsu by one of a close friend when I was visiting US and included it in my daily routine starting with 5 minutes. This was not a disciplined routine activity but as random. These random activities of Kaatsu were impulsive and did not my brain to process the routine that I used to set and was more breaking the norm of discipline

Step 3: Creating a Positive Neurochemical Hormonal Self Acknowledgement

For every random small achievement, I felt a positive neurochemical hormonal rush of dopamine, serotonin, oxytocin, and endorphins — which together boosted my motivation, mood, connection, and well-being to start increasing the random activities to increasing the frequency and time for more of Kaatsu. Towards the mid of 2017, I did my metabolic age diagnostic test. The results showed my age to be 45 years while I was 49 years and inching towards 50 in a few months. This test results convinced my brain that I was indeed younger which is the identity I had set in my Resolution.

Step 4: Sustaining the Neurochemical Hormonal Activity and Accepting The New Model of Me

By end of 2017, I had achieved my fitness and well being goals as per my New Year Resolutions, but also my brain started fighting my thoughts that I am going to be turning 50 years. I started feeling younger and more focused. My brain had updated the mental model of me from one who was in a negative downward neurochemical hormonal cycle to one who was on a younger high with positive upward neurochemical hormonal cycle and going into 2018 with a more positive health and well being New Year Resolutions that I was confident of achieving for the next year.

This change in me has kept me driven over the last few years till date when I set my New Year Resolutions and I stick to it!

Handwriting Is Dead…So Is Your Brain. There is no Pill to Cure

Handwriting is Dead

Introduction

Every festive season at Diwali, I buy fountain pens and journals on the auspicious day of Dhanteras. This is a ritual that my grandfather instilled in me since my childhood as a festive Diwali gift. This Diwali I noticed that the regular stationery shop that I went for my festive shopping showed very little traffic and interest in stationery as a festive purchase. This made me wonder if shopping for such high involvement stationery product category has flipped to online shopping. But that is not true. Stationery items such as fountain pens and journals is a dying festive gift item. I have tried to dig deeper and research further on this disturbing trend.

Handwriting Behaviour Across Generations

Handwriting behaviour of different Generations in the increasing digital medium that the world is transforming is summarized in the table:

GenerationWriting StyleFavorite MediumWriting VibeTyping Speed (WPM)Writing Time/WeekNotes
Gen Z (1997–2012)Snappy, emoji-laced, meme-savvyNotes apps, DMs, collaborative docs“✨Just vibing✨ while writing my 3rd essay and 12th group chat reply”40–60+10–15 hoursSchoolwork, social media, texting, journaling
Millennials (1981–1996)Polished but personal, with a side of witEmails, blogs, Slack, journaling apps“Crafting the perfect email subject line like it’s a haiku”35–558–12 hoursWork emails, creative writing, social media
Gen X (1965–1980)Efficient, structured, no-nonsenseWord docs, emails, sticky notes“If it’s not in the memo, it didn’t happen”30–506–10 hoursProfessional writing, personal notes
Boomers (1946–1964)Formal, thoughtful, sometimes poeticHandwritten notes, letters, WordPerfect“Dear Sir or Madam, I hope this finds you well…”20–404–8 hoursLess digital writing, more verbal or analog

Handwriting is truly declining, and this has an alarming impact on the brain and personality!

Gen Styles for Writing
Gen Styles for Writing

Decline of Handwriting and its Impact on Pens and Stationery

From the table above, its seems that the younger generations have no preference for buying pens and stationery and prefer digital tools. While digital tools have transformed how we write, the core neurological benefits remain. Blogging, texting, and social media posts still engage the brain’s language and emotional centers amongst the younger generation. However, the brevity and speed of digital communication can limit depth and reflection. Decline in handwriting and therefore the demand for pens and stationery is evident on three key reasons:

Digital Dominance

  • With the rise of smartphones, tablets, and laptops, typing and tapping have largely replaced pen and paper.
  • Schools and workplaces increasingly prioritize keyboard skills over cursive or print writing.

Curriculum Shifts

  • Many education systems have reduced or eliminated handwriting instruction, especially cursive, to make room for digital literacy and STEM.

Cultural and Generational Changes

  • Generation Z and younger cohorts, raised on screens, often view handwriting as outdated or unnecessary.
  • The convenience and speed of digital communication have made handwriting feel slow and inefficient to many.

Handwriting and penmanship is very therapeutic, it boosts dopamine levels and strengthens executive function in terms of creativity, memory, emotional well-being and resilience and clarity of thought. This is resulting in brain fog with the younger generations as their handwriting habits wane drastically towards digital mediums. AI and tools is further accelerating this further.

Reviving the Benefits of Handwriting in Rewiring the Brain and Personality

Scientific research increasingly shows that writing can rewire the brain, enhancing memory, emotional regulation, creativity, and cognitive flexibility. This transformation is made possible by a remarkable biological phenomenon: neuroplasticity. When you write, your brain lights up like a city at night. Here’s a breakdown of the key areas involved:

  • Prefrontal Cortex: Responsible for planning, decision-making, and organizing thoughts. It helps structure sentences and arguments.
  • Broca’s and Wernicke’s Areas: These language centers manage grammar, syntax, and comprehension.
  • Motor Cortex and Cerebellum: Activated during handwriting, these regions coordinate fine motor skills.
  • Hippocampus: Central to memory formation, it helps encode and retrieve information.
  • Amygdala and Insula: These emotional centers are engaged when writing about personal experiences or feelings.

The connection between handwriting and personality has fascinated psychologists, graphologists, and curious minds for centuries. This field of study is known as graphology, and while it’s not universally accepted as a science, many believe handwriting can offer insights into a person’s character, emotions, and behavioral tendencies. If the benefits far outweigh any potential downsides, what can the younger generation do to increase on their handwriting habits. A few cues from my handwriting habits to revive the handwriting habits and behaviour.

My Handwriting Habits and Behaviour

Blending Traditional Paper Handwritten Notes with Digital

  • I use my paper based handwritten notes and use Outlook calenders instead of planners that I gave up during Covid times. What’s more, even if I have to use digital hardware, it has a pen support to enable me to write. I use Microsoft Surface Pro and Surface Book as a computer and Samsung Fold 5 as a phone which allows me to write on digital surface in the notes.
  • Every year I buy and use a new Journal throughout the year to write my thoughts by hand, then digitise it by using a scanner to share it digitally.

Writing and Jotting is a Religion for Me.

  • Like buying fountain pens and writing stationery every Diwali, I use these goodies for writing and jotting down points, notes doing calligraphy and this is a second nature or religion to me. I worship my pens collection during Diwali puja. Writing is a ritual and religion to me and I feel blessed to have such a lovely habit in me.

Investing in Writing Tools

  • Since 1998, I have been buying high quality pens of different types. The diversity of pens and types that I have in my collection include:
      • Brands: Cross, Moonman, Pelikan, Lamy, Schaffer, Waterman, Pilot, Jinhao, Parker, Sailor, Platinum, Nahvalur, Hero
      • Types: Mechanical pencils, calligraphy pens, fountain pens, ball point pens
      • Pen Material: Resin, metallic (gold, silver, steel, aluminum, alloys), plastic, carbon fibre, composite materials
      • Fountain pen nibs (Extra fine to broad): Retractable, stubs, needle point, flex    
  • I will write another blog on the collection some other time
  • I buy good quality 100 gsm and above high quality art paper and get it cut and bound into my journal book every year as writing on such high quality paper is pleasurable
  • Inks that I use range in over 15 colours and different brands both Indian and premium imported ones
  • When I am on the move, I have a pocket book to jot down ideas and points that I build on and write further when at leisure.
  • If writing is difficult for a long period, just short manifest notes ensure discipline
    • Every morning, I make a task list, notes and ideas not before starting work, but I write

Inculcate Calligraphy or Doodling

  • Explore creative styles like brush lettering or doodle journaling. I started doing calligraphy in Class 8 in school. Those days I used bamboo nibs. These days I use calligraphy pens and loose sheets.
  • I use various font available online to replicate them on paper.

Read Books on Writing Styles for Creative Writing

  • I have compiled a list of authors who have provided material to break the mental inertia. Reading these books have helped me in creative writing

So let me conclude, not handwriting is not an option. It’s a slow brain death if you are handwriting. Let me wish that by next Diwali you will also indulge into pampering yourself in buying some pens and stationery and use them through the year to discipline your brain!

Festive Greetings and Enjoy the Mindfulness and Focus with Handwriting Things Down!

Also Listen: 

Podcast: A Pen For Your Thoughts

QuoteUnquote with KK and Sudhir Kalyanikar, a Fountain Pen Collector and a Doctor of Fountain Pens in India


The Dharma, Karma and Artha of Indian Democracy

The Dharma Karma and Artha of Indian Democracy

Podcast

QuoteUnQuote with KK and Prof Salvatore Babones on The Dharma, Karma and Artha of Indian Democracy. India’s democratic ethos is deeply intertwined with dharma and karma. The wheel in the center of the Indian flag symbolizes this moral cycle—reminding both citizens and leaders of their duties and consequences. Artha is the outcome of the democratic system.

India has its own version of literature, books and writings on democracy and how to rule Bharat right through the Vedas, Ramayana, Mahabharat, Chanakiya Niti, etc. But if we were to link these to the neo classical view of Prof Babones, we are going to pull all the issues using the podcast on happiness with Dr Devdutt Patnaik on Dharma, Karma and Artha and map it the concept of Democracy. We will leave the Moksha of the political, the governance, the bureaucratic and the legal constitutional honchos class as a topic for another time for a podcast. This Podcast fully discuss Prof Babones book,

Dharma Democracy: How India Built the Third World’s First Democracy

but focus on what’s next and link it to his book and his penchant for Challenging Western academic orthodoxy; Defending empirical rigor over ideological bias; Advocating for culturally grounded models of democracy—especially in non-Western contexts like India.

Book Link

Also Listen

 

Why are Indians Losing Sleep? How do We Regulate Sleep?

Why are Indians Losing Sleep

Introduction

There are various sleep guidelines for adults from various experts and institutions that vary from 7 to 9 hours per night, every night. However, as we will discuss here, this is not be adequately being followed and complied by individuals in India and around the world. There are several individual (such as personal, socio-demographic, lifestyle, health) and work related (psychosocial and job) factors that affects and inhibits regular sleep patterns of individuals (see Box).

Factors Affecting Sleep - Lifestyle and health factors
Factors Affecting Sleep – Lifestyle and health factors
Factors Affecting Sleep - Personal and socio-demographic factors
Factors Affecting Sleep – Personal and socio-demographic factors
Factors Affecting Sleep - Workplace psychosocial and job factors
Factors Affecting Sleep – Workplace psychosocial and job factors

In our 2024: Healthcare & Lifesciences Investment Manifesto – Top 40 Future Bets, our bet #39 discussed about Sleep Biology. See 2024 – India Healthcare And Life Sciences Investment Manifesto | Kapil Khandelwal KK for more details. We believed that The traditional “one-size-fits-all” approach to sleep is becoming obsolete and we need to reimagine solutions under “Sleep Biology” given that we all understand the consequences of lack of proper sleep. Our hunch was that Gen Z and Millennian in India are more sleep deprived. This has turned out to be true. Meta analysis of all the research papers on Indians sleep or lack of sleep patterns is in the Annexure 1. Moreover, the recent report from various and our inhouse analysis gives a very grim view of why Indians are losing sleep?

Indian Sleeping Statistics

The chart below summarises the impact of lack of sleep among Indians and some of the causes for it. We will discuss the impact of lack of sleep later.

Indians Sleeping Statistics in a (S)nap
Indians Sleeping Statistics in a (S)nap

India Macro Sleep Economics

Sleep deprivation significantly impacts India’s Human Capital Index (HCI). Chronic sleep deprivation can lead to reduced cognitive abilities, lower productivity, and increased absenteeism. These factors collectively diminish the overall quality of human capital, which is crucial for economic growth and development. The chart below shows the overall impact to GDP for various countries, including India:

Macro Sleep Economics (Impact on GDP due to Lack/Less Sleep)
Macro Sleep Economics (Impact on GDP due to Lack/Less Sleep)

India is at risk of losing of GDP, an opportunity cost, as a nation over losing sleep of its citizens and this will be a huge issue in the future.

How do We Regulate Sleep? The National Sleep Monitoring and Regulatory Authority (NSMRA)

Given the loss of sleep and India’s GDP, there is a need to set up a National Sleep Monitoring and Regulatory Authority (NSMRA). This Authority will be empowered to ensure that there is a proper and enabling environment to assure that the issues emerging out of lack of citizen’s sleep are mitigated. The Authority will align with various health and labour initiatives and regulations prevailing in India. Some of the objectives, though not exhaustive, of NSMRA would be:

Indian Citizen Lifestyle Ethos and Culture

  • Set a consistent wake-up time
  • Limit time spent in bed on activities other than sleeping
  • Do not stay in bed unless asleep
  • Limit the use of electronic devices before bedtime
  • Limit the consumption of substances which may impair sleep quality
  • Address stressful issues long before bedtime
  • Exercise and alignment with

Labour and Employment Laws Modifications

  • Recognise the importance of sleep and the employer’s role in its promotion
  • Commit to build a culture to helping employees achieve better sleep outcomes

Work Environment Regulatory Guidance and Monitoring

  • Minimise variability in working hours and maximize employees’ control
  • Discourage the extended use of electronic devices
  • Address physical workplace risk factors
  • Combat workplace psychosocial risks
  • Provide facilities and amenities that help employees with their sleep hygiene
  • Design and build brighter workspaces
  • Support health workers in providing sleep-related help
  • Encourage employers to pay attention to sleep issues
  • Make use of existing workspace mandates and their enforcement
  • Introduce later school starting times
  • Raise general awareness of the benefits of sleep

Let’s look forward to Healthy India and Wealthy (GDP Opportunity Cost Savings)

Annexure 1

Sr No.AuthorStudy DesignParticipants GroupSample Size(n)Age(Mean+SD)
/Age Group
Assessment ToolSleep Disorder AddressedJBI
Score (0-10)
1H. K. Aggarwal et al., 2017Cross sectional studyCKD stage III to V patients20050.11+13.99PSQI Insomnia7
2S. Ahmad et al., 2013Cross sectional studyAdults with CKD10454.17+12.96ISI, STOP-BANG Insomnia9
3Jain et al., 2017Cross sectional studyType-2 diabetes patients5048.25+19.05ISI Insomnia7
4Dahale et al., 2020Multicentre cross sectional surveyElderly patients attending PHCs157468.6+6.3ISI Insomnia8
5Uvais et al., 2021Cross sectional studyNurse and other staff34729.12+6.85ISI Insomnia7
6Panda et al., 2012Observational cross sectional studyHealthy subjects accompanying patients105035.1+8.7ESS, PSQIRLS,
Insomnia
9
7Shivashankar et al., 2017Cross sectional studyHealthy participants1628742.03+12.43Sleep Habbits questionnaire, ESS Insomnia, EDS6
8Katyayan et al., 2019Cross sectional studyHealthy subjects85044.68+10.44ESS, BQ, STOP
BANG 
Insomnia8
9Dewan et al., 2022Questionnaire-based survey studyDental students111521+1.8SLEEP-50
questionnaire (that had 50 questions)
OSA,
Insomnia
6
10Jain et al., 2020Cross sectional studyStudents University of Rajasthan and affiliated colleges95423.81+3.72ISI Insomnia7
11N. Kumar et al., 2022Cross-sectional studyGeneral People159639.76+13.1Standard questionnaireRLS,
Insomnia
4
12Khan et al., 2018Epidemiological studyAdult population of a district170039.4+13.9ISI, door to door surveyInsomnia9
13Sreedharan et al., 2016Cohort studyPSG proven OSA patients15253.81+12.01PSGInsomnia, EDS7
14Jaisoorya et al., 2018Cross sectional studyGeneral patients at OPD(PHCs)701741.4+11.1ISI Insomnia8
15Panda et al., 2018Observational studyPatients with definite and probable ALS4056.6+9.4ESS, PSQI RLS,
Insomnia
6
16Mondal et al., 2018Observational cross sectional studyPsychiatric outpatients50042.2+15.3ISI Insomnia7
17Jain et al., 2014Prospective studyTraumatic brain injury patients20433.34+12.9ISI Insomnia6
19Naik et al., 2021Prospective observational studyPatients aged >18 years with laboratory- confirmed COVID-19123441.6+14.2Interviews conducted by trained residentsInsomnia7
20Tomar et al., 2018Cross sectionalPost-traumatic brain injury patients10035.07+12.88ISI, PHQ-9 Insomnia9
21A. Kumar et al., 2021Cross-sectional studyPatients with chronic liver disease13148.7+12.31PHQ-9, PSQI RLS,
Insomnia
8
22Devaraj et al., 2013Cross sectionalPatients with a recent Myocardial Infarction4457.5+10.44PSG, ESS, BQOSA,
Insomnia
8
23Ramakrishnan et al., 2012Descriptive studyGeneral patients visited sleep centre1765All age patientsPSGOSA,
Insomnia
6
24N. Kumar et al., 2021Cross-sectional studyParkinson’s disease 83266.9+18.39Online survey with validated questionnaireRLS,
Insomnia
6
25Jasti et al., 2018Cross-sectional studyParkinsonism patients16865.3+12.8PSQI, ESS, PDSS-
2 
OSA, EDS,
Insomnia
7
26Kishan et al., 2021Cross Sectional observationalChronic heart failure patients10362.65+11.8ESS,  STOP-BANG,
BQ
OSA7
27Shanmugam et al., 2015Cross-sectional prospective observational studyCKD patients302All age patientsBQOSA7
28A. Singh et al., 2021Cross sectional studyType 2 diabetes patients14963.42+12.31STOP-BANG OSA9
29Viswanathan et al., 2017Cross sectional studyType 2 diabetes patients20354+8AHIOSA6
30Malik et al., 2017Cross sectional studyType 2 diabetes patients6260.82+11.34PSGOSA8
31Goyal et al., 2018School-based cross- sectionalSchool students13466.81+2.18SRBD scaleOSA9
32S. K. Sharma & Sreenivas, 2010Cross sectional studyMiddle aged urban Indians  in South Delhi35143+13.2PSGOSA8
33S. K. Sharma et al., 2010Cross sectional studyIndividuals of either gender aged 30-65 years36547.5+13.8Validated questionnaire, PSGOSA7
34Shailly Saxena, 2006Observational cross sectional studyIndividuals above 18 years of age118844.27+10.79Sleep questionnairesOSA7
35Joseph et al., 2020Cross sectional studyPregnant women21427.2+4.7STOP-BANG,  ESS OSA5
36Choudhury et al., 2019Cross sectional studyRural community of Odisha20050+16.3BQ OSA, EDS6
37Pinto et al., 2018Observational cross sectional studyAdult population 32139.43+15.6ESS, Modified BQOSA8
38K. Aggarwal et al., 2021Cross-sectional and observational studyUndergraduate college students49320.3+1.53PSQIOSA7
39Agrawal et al., 2011Cross sectional studyPatients with and without OSA27245.29+8.96PSGOSA8
40Surya Kant, 2019Prospective observational studyPatients of Pulmonology Outpatient Department48All age patientsPSGOSA6
41Anand et al., 2021Cross sectional prospective studyChildren with Down syndrome537.4+3.47PSGOSA4
42Nanaware et al., 2006Retrospective studySuspected sleep disordered breathing children under 18 years5611.5+5.13PSGOSA4
43Kaswan et al., 2021Prospective cross sectionDiabetes mellitus patient36255.7+10STOP-BANG,  ESS OSA9
44Devaraj et al., 2017Prospective cohortPatients underwent non-cardiac surgery18248.9+14.41PSG,  STOP-BANG OSA9
45Lorenzoni et al., 2019Observational cross sectional studyObese children4510.5+0.75PSGOSA6
46Dixit et al., 2018Cross sectional studyAdult patients of bronchial asthma5048.16+14.9PSGOSA6
47Tripathi et al., 2019Cross sectional studyElderly completely edentulous patients18362.5+1.97PSG, ESS OSA9
48Reddy et al., 2009Cross sectional, community based studyMiddle-aged urban of South Delhi250547.5+13.8PSGOSA9
49S. K. Mahajan et al., 2021Cross sectional studyPatients with acute coronary syndrome 6657.7+11.1PSGOSA8
50Prasad et al., 2017Comparative studySubjects who underwent polysomnography at sleep lab21046.5+13.7PSGOSA8
51Kamgo et al., 2022Prospective observational studyInterstitial Lung Disease patients4155.5   10PSGOSA6
52R. Kumar et al., 2013Cross Sectional observationalPatients with asthma and COPD40035.8   7.9ESS, BQOSA8
53Sehgal et al., 2016Cross sectional studyPatients with metabolic syndrome 5047.1   6.6PSG, ESS OSA6
54Nair et al., 2022Cross sectional studyPatients with sleep disordered breathing14249.7   14.6Level 1 PSGOSA10
55Priyadarshini et al., 2017Observational cross sectional studyObese patients seeking bariatric surgery2742.4   10.5PSG, ESS, BQOSA, EDS7
56Nattusami et al., 2021Cross sectional studyPatients with stable COPD30159.6   10PSG, ESS OSA, EDS10
57Shoib et al., 2017Cross-sectional studyPatients suffering from depression18254.89   12.93PSGOSA10
58Utpat et al., 2020Prospective observational studyInterstitial lung disease patients10056.44   20.52PSGOSA9
59Bhaisare et al., 2022Prospective observational studyDiagnosed lung cancer patients3055   8PSG, ESS OSA8
60Agrawal et al., 2013Cross sectional studyPatients of ASA I-III scheduled for elective surgical procedures under anesthesia20442.7   15.08STOP-BANG OSA7
61Kaul et al., 2001Cross Sectional observational studyPrimary sleep disturbances patients6046.36   7.89PSGOSA7
62Jain & Sahni, 2002Prospective observational studyChildren adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy408   3.15PSGOSA6
63Ghosh et al., 2020Cross sectional studyPopulation study100047   13BQOSA, EDS7
64Tripathi et al., 2018Cross Sectional observational studyNon-obese male subjects12045   7.8PSGOSA5
65P. Singh et al., 2022Prospective studyCoronary artery disease patients10035.14   4.35PSGOSA7
66Dubey et al., 2018Cross sectional studyMale Driving License recipients54231.8   13.2STOP-BANG  OSA9
67Mathiyalagen et al., 2019Cross sectional studyPatients attending a non-communicable disease clinic47351   11.34Pre-tested semi- structured questionnaireOSA10
68M. Kumar et al., 2021prospective cross- sectional studyPatients with cirrhosis109848.3   10.5PSQI, ESS OSA, EDS10
69Rohatgi et al., 2018Preliminary studyPatients suffering from schizophrenia spectrum disorder4332.2   10.1Berlin QuestionnaireOSA8
70L. Ahmad et al., 2020Prospective, cross- sectional hospital- based studyAdolescent patients who reported to Orthodontic OPD21316   3.4STOP-BANG  OSA9
71Selvaraj & Keshavamurthy, 2016Cross sectional studyParkinson’s Disease patients5057.16   6.6PDSS, ESS OSA6
72Bhagawati et al., 2019Cross-sectional studyPatients with CKD who were >18 years of age30047.58   15.04IRLSSG rating scaleRLS10
73Pinheiro et al., 2020Cross sectional studyType-2 diabetes21056   13.5IRLSSG rating scaleRLS6
74R. Gupta et al., 2017Population based door to door studySubjects 18 and 84 years in Himalayan and Sub-Himalayan region168935.2   10.9Cambridge-Hopkins RLS diagnostic questionnaireRLS9
75Rangarajan et al., 2007Cross-sectional, questionnaire-based studyAdult residents of Bangalore126649.4   24.4Face-to-face interview, IRLSSG scaleRLS7
76Bellur et al., 2022Cross-sectional observational studyCollege students421118   1.48PSQI, ESS RLS7
77Joseph et al., 2022Cross-sectional studyGeneral population of Mangalore20229   13PSQI RLS6
78R. Gupta et al., 2012Cross sectional studyPatients who presented with insomnia or leg pain65339.86   12.8IRLS Hindi versionRLS7
79Halkurike- Jayadevappa et al., 2019Prospective observational studyAdult patients with cirrhosis35648   25.6IRLS scoring systemRLS9
80Bhowmik et al., 2003Comperative studyHemodialysis patients12134.5   11.1Predesigned questionnaireRLS5
81R. Gupta et al., 2018Cross sectional observational studyPatients with opioid use disorder1930.2   10.4PredesignedRLS6
82Bathla et al., 2016Cross sectional studyPatients undergoing hemodialysis19454.5+15Face-to-face interview, IRLS questionnaireRLS7
83A. Gupta et al., 2017Prospective studyStroke patients34654.87+12.03Pre-structured sleep questionnaireRLS9
84Velu et al., 2022Cross sectional studyPatients with End-stage kidney disease14844+14.5ESS, PSQI RLS, EDS10
85R. Gupta et al., 2013Cross sectional observational studySubjects presenting to psychiatry OPD with complaints of depressive illness5435.58+33.22MINI-Plus Interview, IRLSSG criteriaRLS9
86Raj & Ramesh, 2021Cross sectional studyPatients diagnosed with Tuberculosis20641+16.2PSQI, ESS RLS, EDS6
87Raj et al., 2019Cross-sectional studyType 2 diabetes  patients10256.88+10.98ESS RLS, EDS7
88Kaur & Singh, 2017Cross-sectional studyCollege students121519.5+4.7ESS EDS4
89A. Singh et al., 2017Prospective cross sectional studySubjects with age groups ≥ 25 years151242.6+11.2ESS, face to face interviewEDS5
90Roopa et al., 2010Cross sectional studyRandom subjects aged 20-76 from Chennai Urban Rural35843.7+12.7Standard validated questionnaireEDS8
91Krishnaswamy et al., 2016Prospective studyBus drivers working in Karnataka State Road Transportation Corporation18041.4+9.3ESS EDS6
92Ghante et al., 2021Cross-sectional studyPostnatal women22525.16+3.98ESS, PSQI EDS7
93Dey et al., 2020Cross-sectional studyDoctors from all the clinical department10035.32+6.21PSQI, ESS EDS8
94Venkatnarayan et al., 2022Cross sectional observational studyOSA patients10049.5+13.3PSGEDS5
95Shoib et al., 2022Cross-sectional studyOSA patients18254.89+12.89PSG, ESS EDS6
96Samanta et al., 2013Cross sectional observational studyPatients of cirrhosis10049.1+11.4PSQI, ESS EDS5
97P. Sharma et al., 2016Cross-sectional studyPatients with schizophrenia10030.63+8.7PSQI, ESS EDS7
98Sreedharan et al., 2021Prospective studyPatients getting admitted for coronary artery bypass surgery 12060+11.5STOP-BANG  EDS7
99S. Mahajan et al., 2012Cross sectional observational studyPatients on maintenance hemodialysis for >3 months4737.1+13.1ESS EDS5
100Kadam Y, Patil S, Waghachavare V, Gore A, 2016Cross sectional studyCollege students from an urban area90019.3+1.5Pre tested self- administered questionnaireEDS6

Source: Systematic Review of Prevalence of Sleep Problems in India: A Wake- up Call for Promotion of Sleep Health by Karuna Datta, Anna Bhutambare, Hruda Nanda Mallickfd

Note: CKD: Chronic Kidney Disease, OSA: Obstructive sleep apnea, RLS: Restless Legs Syndrome, EDS: Excessive daytime sleepiness PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PHC: Primary Health Centre, ESS: Epworth Sleepiness Scale, ISI: Insomnia Severity Index, PSG: Polysomnograpgy, PHQ-9: Patients Health Questionnaire, BDI: Beck Depression Inventory, BSA: Berlin Sleep Apnea, BQ: Berlin Questionnaire, PDSS-2: Parkinson Disease Sleep Score-2, AHI: Apnea Hypopnea Index, SRBD: Sleep Related Breathing Disorder, COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, PDSS-III: Parkinson Disease Sleep Score Part-III, IRLSSG: International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group, IRLS: International Restless Legs Syndrome severity scoring, MINIPlus: Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus, JBI: Joanna Briggs Institute

2025 Healthcare and Life Sciences Investment Outlook

2025 Healthcare and Life Sciences Investment Outlook

Mankind versus ChatGPT: Our Caveat for 2025

For the first time in AI’s and mankind’s history, the line between what is human and what is AI-driven technology is increasingly blurring, we are witnessing that ChatGPT and other OpenAI models, can influence the rates of false negatives and false positives in various healthcare and investment applications including algorithms that make investment calls based on future predictions. We have been making annual healthcare and life sciences investment predictions since 2013 with 95% accuracy except during the Covid pandemic years. It seems that ChatGPT itself is turning out to be a black swan event for the algorithms which are predicting the future so accurately in the past. As ChatGPT becomes mainstream, we need to understand the “Confusion Matrix” (see chart below) that will ensure with the power of AI and ChatGPT versus the humans in the future as more and more AI-generated content and analytics proliferates the world in 2025 and beyond. 

Confusion Matrix for AI ChatGPT and Human Predictions
Confusion Matrix for AI ChatGPT and Human Predictions

As industries including, Healthcare and Lifesciences is adopting AI very rapidly for delivering healthcare and so do the Banking and Financial Services, investment managers using AI-driven algos for investment calls. We would need to take cognizant of the False Negatives and False Positive that would elevate the risks and mitigate accordingly. We have included AI as one of the factors in our 2025 Outlook, India Healthcare and Lifesciences Investment Heatmap.

2025: Heal the World – From Geo Politics to Socio Politics

In our 2024 forecast last year we included Geopolitics for the first time in our investment heatmap as the signals were emerging as early as mid-2023. While 2024 witnessed global geopolitics upheaval with regime changes through democratic elections and other means with over 60 wars and armed conflicts ongoing around the world, we were seeing signals of slowdown in growth and investments in Q12024 itself. As a result, as we exited 2024, the growth and investment climate slowed down significantly.

The broad global theme for 2025 is “Heal the World” for better outlook for 2026 and beyond.  If we are able to heal the world with robust socio political agenda it would turn out to be the future prosperity of mankind.

2025: India’s Healthcare and Lifesciences Innovation and Business Models

India was also not insulated with the global geopolitics impact. In 2024, there was ~50% decline in capex and investments in the sector.  We expect 2025 to continue to be a weak year for investments in the sector. After our general elections, there were uncertainties in our region and further slowing of investment and capex cycles on the back of global slowdown. Healthcare is a big creator of employment and it should not slow down any further in 2025.

Since Q12024, the signals were towards robust investments in early stage innovations and growth in new age business models which we have been labelling as “cross-domain” investment ideas. In March 2024, we released 2024 – India Healthcare And Life Sciences Investment Manifesto | Kapil Khandelwal KK covering key 40 bets that will be an opportunity to invest in the sector that will witness an upside beyond the market returns for the sector over the next 5 years. This will accelerate the investments that was with USD 857 million in 2024 to reach a unicorn status of over USD 1 billion in 2025. Fortunately, this is the only segment witnessing positive growth in investments in 2024 and continues to attract robust growth and investments. 

Hence, we have made attempts to analyse International ‘Geo Politics’ as a separate factor and bolt-on-top of our algo predictive models to adjust our heat map for 2024 to accurately predict whether the heat is on in our 2025 Investment Heat Map.

The wave of optimism for 2025 in Indian healthcare and life sciences stems from the following:

  • Over half of Indian consumers are increasingly curious to understand their body and well-being by ‘listening to their body’. Innovators and start ups are exploring this opportunity to scale up their ventures.
  • Many of the start-ups of the Pre Covid India Stack in healthcare are either pivoting to including AI tech or will perish as AI goes turbo. We are expecting around 450 such start ups at this stage of AI upgrade.
  • Agentic AI effectively turbocharges the Do It For Me (DIFM) healthcare economy. Early adopters include GenZ and Millennials (approx 50% of Indians) users who will have their own bots or AI agents helping them choose products and execute transactions in adoption of healthcare products and services as the line between what is human and what is technology will be blurring. Competition will tick-up as starts-ups grow.
  • “AI for All is not All” as consumers are getting more consumerised for their health needs. AI cannot solve it all for all of Indian consumers healthcare needs. These include Gen X and Seniors (approx 44% of Indians) are skeptics and late adopters. This innovative products to serve these cohorts is key.
  • New business models/incubation for investments are emerging (see our 40 Future Bets in Healthcare 2024 – India Healthcare And Life Sciences Investment Manifesto | Kapil Khandelwal KK) that are cross-domain and will be a potential USD 50 billion addition to India’s GPD in next 5 years.
  • Healthcare real estate will also explore cross-domain concepts to fit consumer needs.
  • Wellness is now an ‘Avatar’ that is experiential and connects with other lifestyle domains such as beauty, cosmetics, travel, tourism, hospitality, food, technology, wearables tech, work environment and many more. Holistic innovation in experiential longevity is emerging.
  • Alternative therapies are now body rejuvenation biohacks that traditional and alternative medicine and wellness cannot provide or fulfill completely and which health fascism fuels. Indian GenZ and Millennials are leading this change.
  • New age innovative medical integrative DIFM models will be a push for medical and wellness tourism repositioning for India medical tourism.
  • In 2024, the BSE Healthcare Index was one of the standout performers, delivering an impressive 40% year-to-date (YTD) return. This trend continues in 2025.
  • The valuations have come back to realistic levels to peak by 2026-27.
  • Private hospitals are now aggressively embarking on increasing bed capacity after a phase of consolidation in 2024.
  • M&A and buyouts are expected to continue to be buoyant.
  • Healthcare real estate are expected to launch and kick off innovative cross-domain formats.

The 2025 India Healthcare and Life Sciences Investment Heat Map is as under:

2025 India Healthcare and LifeSciences Investment Heat Map
2025 India Healthcare and LifeSciences Investment Heat Map

Healthcare Financing

With mental health needs and healthcare fascism at its peak, newer products and services for financing longevity and healthy lifestyle for the Gen Alpha and Gen Z are emerging. Cross domain models of business are emerging to address the needs to finance consumers needs to such emerging products and services. 

2025 Outlook: Moderate

  • What may go wrong: false claims by online influencers, right pricing, reach and penetration to consumers, improper lifestyle based consumer segmentation, business volatility in some NBFCs, newer regulations on consumer credits by RBI, lower consumer spending and financing, outstanding credit cards debt
  • What’s going right: AI intervention and solutions, lower interest rates,

Medical Education

Medical education content is no longer the marker for better valuation and funding. The market has flipped to buyers’ market. The investors are no longer entering into opportunities at the current valuations and will lead to rerating downwards. Need major reforms in the medical education sector.

2025 Outlook: Low

  • What may go wrong: lower student enrollment, regulatory issues, new emerging careers in industry, accreditation and learning models, international players and competition
  • What’s going right: AI-generated content creation, immersive content, stable valuations

Med Tech Innovation and Life Sciences Discovery and Clinical Development

Trump Administration and the US BioSecure Act will be a positive. India has to enter the big league of biologics with global partnerships as Chinese firms will face headwinds. Cross domain innovation with AI is the key to leapfrog in the global race. Also India needs to reinforce its success in Covid vaccine development to reignite confidence in India. Expect a major IPO.

2025 Outlook: Moderate

  • What may go wrong: over dependence on Chinese players, slower reverse brain drain transition of drug hunters from US, low qualified life sciences professionals pool, lower grant funding, no further sops in the 2025 finance budget
  • What may go right: emerging social innovation models, market appropriate solution development, native AI models

Pharma and Therapeutic Solutions

Volume growth in the domestic markets, US generics price erosion, with the softening of input costs, ongoing decoupling of supply chain with China and currency depreciation to continue in 2025, will improve the margins very marginally.  The companies with strong cash positions will increase capex and also buyouts and M&A activity. Not any major name IPOs expected.

2025 Outlook: Moderate

  • What may go wrong: Slower China decoupling of supply chain, continuing US generics markets prices decline, potential increase in tariffs by the US under Trump regime, increased APIs prices, continuing domestic market volume degrowth, no further sops in the 2025 finance budget
  • What may go right: US BioSecure Act to favour India, increased R&D spend, new products pipeline, newer capex cycles, multi-year high in US active drug shortages

Healthcare Providers

Capacity creation will now be around 2500 beds in tier 2 and 3 cities. Funding cycles improve as internal accurals improve for fresh capex and capacity expansions and inorganic expansions. Expect a few IPOs, buyouts and exits via secondary sale.

2025 Outlook: Hot

  • What may go wrong: margin pressures, supply and demand mismatch in micromarkets, lower medical tourists arrivals, rising valuations, stable margins
  • What may go right: asset-lite models, launching into new medical tourism markets

Healthcare Insurance

Payors are seeing insurance penetration grow since the Covid pandemic. Newer markets in the GenZ and Millennials cohorts and geographically tier-2 and 3 cities are the essential for growth. Bundled products and services for health and wellbeing is the key. AI modelling will assist in accurate underwriting of risks. Agentic AI entry to change the solicitation and selling customised bundled products.

2025 Outlook: Hot

  • What may go wrong: bundled product for consumer needs, product approvals, risk mitigation for new products, consumers need for longevity, agentic AI to connect consumers, payors and providers for seamless services
  • What may go right: Consumer demand, reduced loss ratios, AI fraud detecting agents

Health Retail

Anti-digital trend is catching up with consumers expecting analogic human to human touch for consuming healthcare products and services in cross-domain settings which is now perceived aspirational and desirable. Many digital business models need to tweak their phydigital presence mix. Its back to innovative traditional health retail settings.

2025 Outlook: Hot

  • What may go wrong: failing to provide the human to human touch points, talent for new age health retail settings, anti-digital pivoting, wrong business model assumptions
  • What may go right: exits in failed business models, profitability focus, phydigital presence

Wellness

The past wellness definition is no longer relevant. New age ‘Gen-Z’ed wellness business models and innovation is emerging which brings in the cross-domain experiential products and services. Redefinition of wellness is the key and will show case the future winners. These innovations will fuel India’s new age wellness tourism too.

2024 Outlook: Hot

  • What may go wrong: regulation, talent and skills in cross domain products and services, micro market segmentation, faster beta testing, new mass market business models, spurious social media channels, fake outcome/claims
  • What may go right: Gen Z micro segmentation, wearables, biosensors, newer phydigital formats

Alternative Therapies

Redefined by cross-domain influences, emerging tech, wearables, biosensors, cutting-edge innovation in life sciences with other domains fueled by GenZ experimentation with new biohacking and health fascism expressions. It is going to be the next destination of value care in healthcare emerging from real need and experience of consumers for Do It For Me (DIFM) healthcare.

2025 Outlook: Hot

  • What’s going wrong: regulations, consumer education and confidence, clinical research, new product development, new mass market business models, repeat sales, spurious social media channels, fake outcome/claims, wrong Gen Z role models, developing phydigital formats
  • What may go right: discretionary consumer spending, newer cross-vertical innovative business models, mainstream complementary treatment, wearables, biosensors

Moving Forward

2025 will be a pivoting year for mankind, healthcare and investing as AI for All is not All.

Happy investing and stay strong!

Media Coverage

M&A, Buyouts in Healthcare to Remain Coverage in VC Circle

2025 India Healthcare and LifeSciences Investment Outlook Coverage in Express Pharma Feb 2025

A Very Heavy and Weighty 2025 New Year Resolution!

A Very Heavy and Weighty 2025 New Year Resolution!

2025 New Year Resolutions

It’s that time of the year when we make New Year’s Resolutions. This year’s number one resolution that tops the chart is healthy diet and weight loss which is being wished by 51% of the people. Next is wishing for wealth which is wished by 21%. Finally comes spending quality time with friends and family which is wished by 14%. This is much lower this year post covid lockdown. Is there any correlation to the obesity trends in India with the New Year’s Resolutions for 2025?

Obesity Trends in India

Body Mass Index (BMI) scale is used to indicate if one is obese or not. The different classifications are as unde for India. Please note that this is not the same for other countries which may vary or are higher:

  • Normal BMI: 18.0-22.9 kg/m²
  • Overweight: 23.0-24.9 kg/m²
  • Obesity: ≥25 kg/m²

The prevalence of obesity has been increasing, with nearly one in four Indians now considered overweight. Approximately 24% of women and 23% of men aged 15-49 are classified as overweight or obese in India. Obesity rates are higher in urban areas (30% of men and 33% of women) compared to rural areas (19% of men and 25% of women).

Dietary Trends in India

The Economic Survey 2023-24 noted unhealthy diets and rising rates of obesity need to be tackled urgently to improve health parameters, in order to reap the gains of the country’s demographic dividend. Citing the Indian Council of Medical Research’s (ICMR) latest dietary guidelines, published in April this year, it notes the fact that 56.4% of the total disease burden in India is due to unhealthy diets. The ICMR report observes that the upsurge in the consumption of highly processed foods, laden with sugars and fat, coupled with reduced physical activity and limited access to diverse foods, exacerbate micronutrient deficiencies and overweight/obesity problems.

Correlating Obesity, Diet and 2025 New Year’s Resolutions

There seems to be a positive correlation between the weight loss and what people wishing to achieve in 2025 with respect to their diet and weight. These are many reasons for this correlation. These could be:

  • Calling for ill-Health: Obesity leads to chronic inflammation and impact longevity (listen to podcast on longevity https://open.spotify.com/episode/19pvPEE7f5UGgzJyXSlLsS?si=5f06687dfcf64232). Over the years, the body’s organs don’t function as effectively as they should. Damage to the pancreas, for example, leads to diabetes; damage to the heart leads to cardiovascular disease; and damage to the brain leads to dementia. And even if someone loses weight, the damage is not irreversible. (The liver is the only organ that can regenerate itself.) Obesity is also linked to many cancers, musculoskeletal problems, depression and obstructive sleep apnea. Some of the co-morbidities with obesity and overweight people include:
    • Chronic Kidney Disease
    • Type 2 Diabetes         
    • Cardiovascular Disease
    • PAD (Peripheral Arterial Disease)
    • Alzheimer’s  
    • Heart Failure
    • MASH (Fatty Liver Disease)

Sounds very alarming for increasing healthcare costs!

  • Better Employability: As per the National Health and Family Surveys, obese and over weight people have issues with their employability and their ability to work. This is tied to their overall health and their physical abilities. Hence being fit and normal BMI works in their favour.
  • Lifestyle, Fashion and Aesthetics: One of the most fundamental drivers of behavior is the desire to look attractive. Sales for personal care and beauty products easily exceed USD 25 billion by 2029, and sales for apparel reach USD 550 billion by 2029. This is a very aspiration segment. (listen to podcast: https://open.spotify.com/episode/36TCAlD1gglGXoWJtDa27o?si=09dd617d77434985). A significant number of Indians are unhappy with their weight and body image. A study involving participants from 65 countries found that Indians have lower body image satisfaction compared to many other nations.

Meeting and Beating the 2025 New Year Resolutions

Like any resolution, the compliance to any New Year Resolution is very low. Coming to managing ones weight reduction, the compliance is even lower. The level of compliance with weight loss programs among Indians varies widely. Several factors influence this, including cultural attitudes towards weight, accessibility to resources, and individual motivation.

  • Cultural Attitudes: In many parts of India, there is a cultural acceptance of larger body sizes, which can affect motivation to lose weight.
  • Accessibility to Resources: Access to weight loss programs, gyms, and healthy food options can be limited, especially in rural areas.
  • Individual Motivation: Personal commitment and motivation play a crucial role. Many individuals start weight loss programs but struggle to maintain long-term adherence due to lifestyle challenges and lack of support.

With such low levels of compliance and issues surrounding it, what has the healthcare industry done to find solutions to the weighty problems?

Healthcare Industry’s Invasive and Non Invasive Solutions to Obesity

There are several invasive and non-invasive solutions to obesity reduction. Here’s a brief overview of both:

Invasive Solutions

  • Gastric Bypass Surgery: This procedure involves creating a small pouch from the stomach and connecting it directly to the small intestine. This bypasses a large part of the stomach and some of the small intestine, reducing the amount of food you can eat and absorb.
  • Gastric Sleeve Surgery: Also known as sleeve gastrectomy, this surgery removes a large portion of the stomach, leaving a tube-like structure. This limits the amount of food you can consume.
  • Adjustable Gastric Banding: A band is placed around the upper part of the stomach to create a small pouch that holds food. The band can be adjusted to control the amount of food intake.
  • Biliopancreatic Diversion with Duodenal Switch (BPD/DS): This complex surgery involves removing a portion of the stomach and bypassing a significant part of the small intestine. It reduces the amount of food intake and nutrient absorption

Invasive surgery is expensive and not affordable by many. Also, this has to be followed up with non-invasive and other cosmetic surgery later on.

Non-Invasive Solutions

  • CoolSculpting: This technique uses controlled cooling to freeze and destroy fat cells. The body then naturally eliminates these dead cells over time.
  • SculpSure: A laser-based treatment that targets and heats fat cells, causing them to break down and be absorbed by the body.
  • Kybella: An injectable treatment that destroys fat cells under the chin, improving the appearance of a double chin
  • Emsculpt: This procedure uses high-intensity focused electromagnetic energy to induce muscle contractions, which can help reduce fat and build muscle.
  • Lifestyle Modifications: Diet and exercise remain fundamental. Behavioral therapy and support groups can also be effective in managing obesity

Each method has its own benefits and risks, and the best choice depends on individual health conditions, preferences, and goals.

GLP-1 The Magic Pill for Obesity

During 2024, a hype has been created over social media, celebrities both in Bollywood and Hollywood about GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1), the wonder drug and magic pill for weight reduction. For the scientifically advanced beings, brief overview of the mechanism of action of GLP-1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1):

  • Secretion: GLP-1 is secreted by the intestinal L-cells in response to food intake.
  • Receptor Binding: GLP-1 binds to its receptors located in various organs, including the pancreas, brain, stomach, and heart.
  • Insulin Secretion: In the pancreas, GLP-1 enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion.
  • Glucagon Suppression: It suppresses glucagon release, which helps lower blood glucose levels.
  • Gastric Emptying: GLP-1 slows gastric emptying, promoting satiety and reducing food intake.
  • Neuroprotection: It has neuroprotective effects and may improve cognitive function.

For the least scientifically advanced beings, GLP-1 works in reducing the food appetite and the weight of a person by 15-20%. In addition, GLP-1 also works on other co-morbidies such as

  • Diabetes Management: GLP-1 agonists are medications that help lower blood sugar levels by increasing insulin secretion and decreasing glucagon release. They also slow down gastric emptying, which helps control blood sugar spikes after meals.
  • Weight Loss: These medications are also effective for weight loss. They work by reducing appetite and increasing feelings of fullness, which can lead to reduced calorie intake and weight loss.
  • Cardiovascular Benefits: Some GLP-1 agonists have been shown to provide cardiovascular benefits, such as reducing the risk of heart attack and stroke in people with type 2 diabetes.
  • Potential Kidney Benefits: Emerging research suggests that GLP-1 agonists may also have protective effects on kidney function.
  • Parkinson, Alzheimer’s and Dementia: Early clinical research is showing effective results in patients with neuro issues with a lower risk of the cognitive issues (such as memory loss) that are often an early sign of dementia.
  • Addiction Management: This is still very early and GLP-1 is being tested on animals and showing positive results on addiction to alcohol and nicotine.

Statutory Warning:

All drugs have side effects, and the GLP-1s are no exception. The most common ones are gastro-intestinal problems, for example diarrhea. In addition, the drugs cause the loss of lean muscle mass, which is particularly concerning for the elderly. Moreover, newer formulations or the next generation of GLP-1 are also being researched and will circumvent the side effects.

GLP-1 in India

In India, several GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) receptor agonists are available for the management of diabetes and obesity. Here are some of the notable ones:

  • Liraglutide: Marketed under the brand name Lirafit™ by Glenmark Pharmaceuticals, this drug is used to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes.
  • Semaglutide: Available as an oral formulation, this drug is marketed by Novo Nordisk India and is used for diabetes management.
  • Exenatide: Another GLP-1 agonist used for diabetes treatment, though specific brand names in India may vary.

I am also informed that there is a venture working on GLP-1 extracted from plants peptides under development.

As for me, I am wishing that 2025 will bring in more innovation in GLP-1 solutions which are more effective!

Happy New Year 2025!

Deny, Depose, Defend – Assassination of a CEO – Making of A New Suspense Serial?

Deny, Depose, Defend – Assassination of a CEO – Making of A New Suspense Serial?

Celebrity Assassinations Inspired by Books and Literature

The US has several cases of Presidents and celebrities who have been murdered where the assassin was motivated by a written books and literature and that became the inspiration and the motive to kill someone who is well known. Some of them include:

  • John Lennon’s Assassination: Mark David Chapman, who assassinated John Lennon in 1980, was heavily influenced by J.D. Salinger’s novel The Catcher in the Rye. Chapman was found reading the book at the scene of the crime and later claimed that he identified with the protagonist, Holden Caulfield.
  • Ronald Reagan’s Assassination Attempt: John Hinckley Jr., who attempted to assassinate President Ronald Reagan in 1981, was obsessed with the movie Taxi Driver and its protagonist, Travis Bickle. The character’s actions in the film were inspired by Arthur Bremer’s diary, which was later published as a book.
  • The Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy: Sirhan Sirhan, who assassinated Robert F. Kennedy in 1968, was reportedly influenced by the novel The Secret Agent by Joseph Conrad. The book explores themes of political violence and assassination.
  • The Murder of Rebecca Schaeffer: Robert John Bardo, who murdered actress Rebecca Schaeffer in 1989, was found with a copy of The Catcher in the Rye. This book has been linked to several other high-profile crimes.
  • The Columbine High School Massacre: Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold, the perpetrators of the Columbine High School massacre in 1999, were influenced by Stephen King’s novel Rage. The book, which King later allowed to go out of print, tells the story of a high school student who takes his class hostage.

Nothing comes to my mind about such killings in India, except those inspired by Religious Scriptures.

How can Written Books and Literature be an Inspiration or Prime Motive to Kill?

There are several studies and scholarly articles that explore the influence of books and other media on real-life crimes and killings and their motives. Here are a few key points from the research:

  • Media Effects on Violence and Crime: Research has shown that exposure to violent media, including books, can increase aggressive behaviour and attitudes. However, the direct link between media violence and actual violent crime is more complex and less conclusive.
  • Copycat Crimes: Some studies focus on the phenomenon of copycat crimes, where individuals mimic criminal acts they have read about or seen in media. This includes crimes inspired by books, movies, and even news reports.
  • Psychological Impact: The psychological impact of media on individuals can vary. Factors such as personal susceptibility, mental health, and environmental influences play significant roles in how media content affects behaviour.
  • Case Studies: Specific cases, like the ones we discuss here (e.g., John Lennon’s assassination), are often analyzed to understand the motivations behind such crimes and the role media might have played.

The points highlighted above address the complex relationship between media consumption and real-life actions.

A New Novel and A TV Serial in the Making

“Delay, Deny, Defend: Why Insurance Companies Don’t Pay Claims and What You Can Do About It” by Jay Feinman is an exposé on the practices of the insurance industry. Feinman, a legal scholar and insurance expert, argues that insurance companies often prioritize profits over policyholders by employing strategies to delay, deny, and defend against claims. Some of the excerpts from his book include:

  • Systematic Denial of Claims: Feinman explains that the denial of valid claims is not an occasional error but a systematic practice designed to maximize profits. Insurance companies often delay payments, deny claims without proper justification, and force claimants into lengthy litigation processes.
  • Historical Context: The book provides a historical overview of how these practices developed over time. Feinman traces the evolution of the insurance industry and highlights key changes that have led to the current state of affairs.
  • Consumer Impact: Feinman shares numerous stories of individuals who have been unfairly denied claims, illustrating the real-world impact of these practices on policyholders. These stories highlight the financial and emotional toll on those affected.
  • Legal and Policy Recommendations: The book offers practical advice for consumers on how to protect themselves when dealing with insurance companies. Feinman also outlines necessary legal reforms to prevent future abuses and improve the insurance system.
  • Call to Action: Feinman urges consumers, lawmakers, and regulators to take action against these unfair practices. He emphasizes the need for greater transparency and accountability within the insurance industry.

Overall, “Delay, Deny, Defend” serves as a critical examination of the insurance industry, providing valuable insights and actionable advice for consumers and policymakers alike.

Assassination of the United Healthcare CEO – An Inspired Killing?

On Wednesday 4 December 2024, Brian Thompson, the CEO of United Healthcare, was shot at targeted fatal on a midtown Manhattan sidewalk. This has sent shock waves in the industry in the US. Brian Thompson was not an ex-US President in a Presidential race, but yet he was targeted. Well, Brian managed over USD 250 billion healthcare insurance business of the United Healthcare. Hence, he would be in a Presidential status of a smaller country than the US. It seems that Brian Thompson’s assassination, could have been inspired and linked to a 2010 book titled “Delay, Deny, Defend: Why Insurance Companies Don’t Pay Claims and What You Can Do About It” by Jay Feinman. Police found shell casings at the crime scene engraved with the words “deny,” “depose,” and “defend,” which closely resemble the themes of Feinman’s book.

This blog is not about the condolences to the dead corporate executive, but the change in the mentality of the killers to attach corporate executives.

Industry Achievements of Assassinated United Healthcare CEO

Brian Thompson had several health insurance industry accomplishments and led several specific initiatives during crises that showcased his strategic and compassionate leadership:

  • COVID-19 Response: During the COVID-19 pandemic, Thompson spearheaded initiatives to expand telehealth services, ensuring that patients could access healthcare safely from their homes. He also implemented support programs for frontline healthcare workers, providing them with necessary resources and mental health support.
  • Telehealth Expansion: Recognizing the need for remote healthcare solutions during the pandemic, Thompson accelerated the rollout of telehealth services. This initiative allowed patients to receive medical consultations and care without risking exposure to the virus.
  • Support for Frontline Workers: Thompson introduced programs to support frontline healthcare workers, including mental health resources and financial assistance. These measures were crucial in helping healthcare professionals cope with the immense pressures of the pandemic.
  • Regulatory Compliance and Advocacy: Thompson effectively managed regulatory challenges by working closely with policymakers. He advocated for policies that would benefit both the company and its members, ensuring that UnitedHealthcare remained compliant while continuing to innovate.
  • Cybersecurity Enhancements: In response to increasing cybersecurity threats, Thompson prioritized investments in advanced security technologies. This initiative aimed to protect sensitive patient data and maintain trust with members and stakeholders.
  • Public Relations Management: Thompson handled public relations crises with transparency and accountability. For example, when faced with criticism over healthcare costs, he addressed concerns openly and implemented solutions to improve member satisfaction.

These initiatives highlight Thompson’s ability to lead effectively during crises, ensuring that UnitedHealthcare could navigate challenges while continuing to provide essential services and support to its members and employees. I had met Brian briefly in Minneapolis in 2016 when he was not the CEO of United Healthcare. He came out to be a compassionate and a visionary. But why would someone want to kill him?

Reforms in the US Healthcare Industry Emerging out of “Delay, Deny, Defend”

Based on the events, the wider question to be asked is what needs to be done that Healthcare Executives are not targeted. Here are some of my thoughts coming out of Jay Feinman book. Let me inform the readers here, that I am no expert on the US Healthcare System. I am replaying some of the points Jay Feinman suggests several key reforms to address the systemic issues within the insurance industry to create a more equitable and transparent insurance system, ensuring that policyholders receive the coverage and support consumers are entitled to:

  • Enhanced Regulatory Oversight: Feinman advocates for stronger regulatory oversight to ensure that insurance companies adhere to fair practices. This includes stricter enforcement of existing laws and the introduction of new regulations to prevent the delay, denial, and unjust defense of claims.
  • Transparency Requirements: He calls for greater transparency in the insurance claims process. This would involve clear communication from insurers about the reasons for claim denials and the criteria used to evaluate claims.
  • Consumer Protection Laws: Feinman suggests the implementation of more robust consumer protection laws to safeguard policyholders. These laws would provide better recourse for consumers who are unfairly denied claims and ensure that they receive timely and fair settlements.
  • Penalties for Unfair Practices: He recommends imposing significant penalties on insurance companies that engage in unfair practices. This would serve as a deterrent against the systematic denial of valid claims and encourage insurers to act in good faith.
  • Support for Legal Reforms: Feinman supports legal reforms that make it easier for consumers to challenge unfair claim denials. This includes simplifying the process for filing complaints and pursuing legal action against insurers.
  • Public Awareness Campaigns: He emphasizes the importance of public awareness campaigns to educate consumers about their rights and the tactics used by insurance companies. This knowledge would empower policyholders to better navigate the claims process and protect themselves against unfair practices.

All I can imagine is that the assassin was denied healthcare that he was entitled to by United Healthcare and he thought it as an extreme step to redeem it with the life of the top honcho of United Healthcare CEO.

We will wait for the investigators and police to apprehend the killer and figure out the real motive. But for the time being, Jay Feinman’s book is now going to be a best seller and material for dramatization into a TV serial or a movie.

I am deeply shocked and my sincere condolences to those who feel the loss of Brian Thompson.